English
Related papers

Related papers: What is typical?

200 papers

The conventional definition of extremality of a finite collection of sets is extended by replacing a fixed point (extremal point) in the intersection of the sets by a collection of sequences of points in the individual sets with the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-07-22 Nguyen Duy Cuong , Alexander Y. Kruger

Gibbs measure is one of the central objects of the modern probability, mathematical statistical physics and euclidean quantum field theory. Here we define and study its natural generalization for the case when the space, where the random…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-25 V. A. Malyshev

We study the question, ``For which reals $x$ does there exist a measure $\mu$ such that $x$ is random relative to $\mu$?'' We show that for every nonrecursive $x$, there is a measure which makes $x$ random without concentrating on $x$. We…

Logic · Mathematics 2007-07-11 Jan Reimann , Theodore Slaman

Cellular phones are now offering an ubiquitous means for scientists to observe life: how people act, move and respond to external influences. They can be utilized as measurement devices of individual persons and for groups of people of the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-06-12 Shao-Meng Qin , Hannu Verkasalo , Mikael Mohtaschemi , Tuomo Hartonen , Mikko Alava

A generalization of stable and casual stable probability distribution is proposed. The notion of $\go G$-casual stability can be used to introduce discrete analogues of stable distributions on the sent $\mathbb Z$ of integers. In contrary…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-06-09 Lev B. Klebanov

Let M be a transitive model of set theory and X be a space in the sense of M. Is there a reasonable way to interpret X as a space in V? A general theory due to Zapletal provides a natural candidate which behaves well on sufficiently…

Logic · Mathematics 2024-11-12 Nathaniel Bannister

A central question in the era of 'big data' is what to do with the enormous amount of information. One possibility is to characterize it through statistics, e.g., averages, or classify it using machine learning, in order to understand the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-09-12 Anders Høst-Madsen , Elyas Sabeti , Chad Walton

A topology on a nonempty set $X$ specifies a natural subset of $\mathcal{P}(X)$. By identifying $\mathcal{P}(\mathcal{P}(X))$ with the totally disconnected compact Hausdorff space $2^{\mathcal{P}(X)}$, the lattice $Top(X)$ of all topologies…

General Topology · Mathematics 2011-12-09 Jorge L. Bruno , Aisling E. McCluskey

We study the emergence of typicality in classical systems with a large number of binary state variables. We show analytically that for sufficiently large subsets of the complete state space, state functions which can be associated with…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-03-12 Nicolas Nessi

Generalizing Block and Weinberger's characterization of amenability we introduce the notion of uniformly finite homology for a group action on a compact space and use it to give a homological characterization of topological amenability for…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2010-12-14 Jacek Brodzki , Graham A. Niblo , Piotr Nowak , Nick J. Wright

We introduce a topology on the space of all isomorphism types represented in a given class of countable models, and use this topology as an aid in classifying the isomorphism types. This mixes ideas from effective descriptive set theory and…

Logic · Mathematics 2019-08-20 Russell Miller

A new notion of typicality for arbitrary probability measures on standard Borel spaces is proposed, which encompasses the classical notions of weak and strong typicality as special cases. Useful lemmas about strong typical sets, including…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-11-17 Junekey Jeon

A popular view in contemporary Boltzmannian statistical mechanics is to interpret the measures as typicality measures. In measure-theoretic dynamical systems theory measures can similarly be interpreted as typicality measures. However, a…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2013-10-08 Charlotte Werndl

We present a basis for studying questions of cause and effect in statistics which subsumes and reconciles the models proposed by Pearl, Robins, Rubin and others, and which, as far as mathematical notions and notation are concerned, is…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-04-18 José A. Ferreira

We define a natural topology on the collection of (equivalence classes up to scaling of) locally finite measures on a homogeneous space and prove that in this topology, pushforwards of certain infinite volume orbits equidistribute in the…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2019-08-15 Uri Shapira , Cheng Zheng

The notion of probability plays an important role in almost all areas of science and technology. In modern mathematics, however, probability theory means nothing other than measure theory, and the operational characterization of the notion…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-09-09 Kohtaro Tadaki

This paper is a brief overview of the concepts involved in measuring the degree of contextuality and detecting contextuality in systems of binary measurements of a finite number of objects. We discuss and clarify the main concepts and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-01-21 Ehtibar N. Dzhafarov , Janne V. Kujala , Victor H. Cervantes

In proper homotopy theory, the original concept of point used in the classical homotopy theory of topological spaces is generalized in order to obtain homotopy groups that study the infinite of the spaces. This idea: "Using any arbitrary…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2012-03-05 Francisco J. Díaz , José M. G. Calcines

Let G be a locally compact Hausdorff group in which every element is of finite order, and let P(G) denote the class of all regular probability measures on G. In this note, it is observed that a characterization of algebraically regular…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2026-03-20 M N N Namboodiri

A central focus of data science is the transformation of empirical evidence into knowledge. As such, the key insights and scientific attitudes of deep thinkers like Fisher, Popper, and Tukey are expected to inspire exciting new advances in…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-01-28 Yiran Jiang , Zeyu Zhang , Ryan Martin , Chuanhai Liu