Related papers: On the thermalization achieved in heavy-ion collis…
In this study we address the question of the thermal description of collisions of classical clusters in the framework of classical N-body dynamics. We compare the results of systems in central collisions and those of thermalised systems…
An important question in heavy-ion collisions is how the initial far-from-equilibrium medium evolves and thermalizes while it undergoes a rapid longitudinal expansion. In this presentation, we show how to use the two-particle irreducible…
A collision between two atomic nuclei accelerated at a speed close to that of light creates a dense system of quarks and gluons. Interactions among them are so strong that they behave collectively like a droplet of fluid of ten-femtometer…
Dynamical and thermal characterizations of excited nuclear systems produced during the collisions between two heavy ions at intermediate incident energies are presented by means of a review of experimental and theoretical work performed in…
In the initial stage of the bottom-up picture of thermalization in heavy ion collisions, the gluon distribution is highly anisotropic which can give rise to plasma instability. This has not been taken account in the original paper. It is…
Calorimetric and coalescence techniques have been employed to probe equilibration for hot nuclei produced in heavy ion collisions of 35 to 55 MeV/u projectiles with medium mass targets. Entrance channel mass asymmetries and energies were…
We discuss the possibility to measure entropy of the system created in heavy ion collisions using the Ma coincidence method.
Different methods to extract the temperature and density in heavy ion collisions are compared using a statistical model tailored to reproduce many experimental features at low excitation energy. The model assumes a sequential decay of an…
The ratio of the symmetry energy coefficient to temperature, $a_sym/T$, in Fermi energy heavy ion collisions, has been experimentally extracted as a function of the fragment atomic number using isoscaling parameters and the variance of the…
It is shown that the freezeout parameters estimated in the heavy-ion collisions all are well described by a constant value of the entropy density $s$ divided by $T^3$. The value of $s/T^3$ has been taken from the lattice QCD simulations at…
The current status of various thermal and statistical descriptions of particle production in the ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions experiments is presented in detail. We discuss the formulation of various types of thermal models of a…
We study clustering of baryons at the freeze-out point of relativistic heavy-ion collisions. Using a Walecka-Serot model for the nucleon-nucleon (NN) interaction we analyze how the modified/critical $\sigma$ mode---responsible for the NN…
Linear arrays of trapped and laser cooled atomic ions are a versatile platform for studying emergent phenomena in strongly-interacting many-body systems. Effective spins are encoded in long-lived electronic levels of each ion and made to…
Multifragmentation is the dominant decay mode of heavy nuclear systems with excitation energies near their binding energies and is characterized by a multiple production of nuclear fragments with intermediate mass. At relativistic…
We study the equilibration of isospin degree of freedom in intermediate energy heavy-ion collisions using an isospin-dependent BUU model. It is found that there exists a transition from the isospin equilibration at low energies to…
Nuclear collisions at intermediate, relativistic, and ultra-relativistic energies offer unique opportunities to study in detail manifold fragmentation and clustering phenomena in dense nuclear matter. At intermediate energies, the well…
The study of heavy-ion collisions presents a challenge to both theoretical and experimental nuclear physics. Due to the extremely short lifetime and small size of the collision system, disentangling information provided by experimental…
An important part of the physics program at the future electron-ion collider is to understand the nature of hadronization and the transport of energy and matter in large nuclei. Open heavy flavor production in deep inelastic scattering…
We present the capabilities of the CMS experiment to explore the heavy-ion physics program offered by the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The prime goal of this research is to test the fundamental theory of the strong interaction (QCD) in…
Experimental measurement of the elliptic flow parameter $v_2$ and hydrodynamic model together showed that thermalization in the central region at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider to be perplexingly fast. This is a mystery in itself since…