Related papers: Identity method - a new tool for studying chemical…
Identified particle spectra represent a crucial tool to understand the behavior of the matter created in high-energy heavy-ion collisions. The transverse momentum p_T distributions of identified hadrons contain informations about the…
Fluctuations of conserved quantities in heavy-ion collisions are used to probe the phase transition and the QCD critical point for the strongly interacting hot and dense nuclear matter. The STAR experiment has carried out moment analysis of…
Charge fluctuations observed in early fixed-target proton-proton experiments are consistent with string models. In central heavy ion events the picture can change in two ways: strings can interact and find new ways to hadronize or they can…
Charge fluctuations provide a possible signature for the existence of the de-confined Quark Gluon Plasma phase (QGP). Being sensitive to the square of the charges, fluctuations in QGP, with fractionally charged partons, are significantly…
The measurements of particle multiplicity distributions have generated considerable interest in understanding the fluctuations of conserved quantum numbers in the Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) hadronization regime, in particular near a…
For the first time, new important features of the fluctuation electromagnetic interaction between a small conducting particle and a smooth surface of polarizable medium (both dielectric and metallic) are worked out. The particle is…
An analysis method is proposed to study the forward-backward (FB) multiplicity fluctuation in high-energy nuclear collisions, built on the earlier work of Bzdak and Teaney. The method allows the decomposition of the centrality dependence of…
We present a model-independent method to reconstruct the impact parameter distributions of experimental data for intermediate energy heavy ion collisions, adapted from a recently proposed approach for ultra-relativistic heavy ion…
We investigate in this work the effects of interaction on the fluctuation of empirical measures. The systems with positive definite interaction potentials tend to exhibit smaller fluctuation compared to the fluctuation in standard Monte…
We develop methods to deal with non-dynamical contributions to event-by-event fluctuation measurements of net-particle numbers in relativistic nuclear collisions. These contributions arise from impact parameter fluctuations and from the…
The presence of the phase transition can manifest itself by the characteristic behavior of several observables which may vary dramatically from one event to the other. Thus, the study of various conserved quantities on an event-by-event…
The Fourier analysis of the final particle distribution followed by cumulant study of the Fourier coefficient event-by-event fluctuation is one of the main approaches for testing the collective evolution in the heavy-ion collision. Using a…
Thermodynamic parameters such as temperature and pressure can be defined from the statistical behavior of a system. Therefore, thermal fluctuation is an inseparable characteristic of these parameters which eventually finds its way into…
New physics results with identified particles at STAR are presented. Measurements at low $p_T$ address bulk properties of the collision, while those at high $p_T$ address jet energy loss in the bulk matter produced. Between these extremes,…
The change in the energy of the moving heavy (charm and bottom) quarks due to field fluctuations present in the hot QCD medium has been studied. A finite quark chemical potential has been considered while modeling the hot QCD medium…
We describe the remarkable accomplishments of the current heavy ion Pb--Pb collision experiments involving strange particle production, carried out at 158A GeV at CERN--SPS. These experimental results, together with the earlier 200A GeV…
The centrality and system size dependence of multiplicity fluctuations of charged particles produced in nuclear collisions at $158 A$ GeV was studied by the NA49 collaboration. Centrality selected Pb+Pb collisions, semi-central C+C and…
The preliminary NA49 results on the energy dependence of transverse momentum fluctuations over the whole SPS energy range exhibit an unexpected effect. The $\Phi_{p_{T}}$ fluctuation measure - used by the NA49 experiment - manifests a…
The size of the average fluctuations of net baryon number and electric charge in a finite volume of hadronic matter differs widely between the confined and deconfined phases. These differences may be exploited as indicators of the formation…
Quantum systems are typically characterized by the inherent fluctuation of their physical observables. Despite this fundamental importance, the investigation of the fluctuations in interacting quantum systems at finite temperature continues…