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Synthesizing near-optimal mixed strategies for zero-sum differential games (ZSDGs) has been a longstanding challenge. Existing research mainly focuses on characterizing the theoretical value function, while the practical design of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-13 Tao Xu , Wang Xi , Jianping He

The Minority Game (MG) behaves as a stochastically perturbed deterministic system due to the coin-toss invoked to resolve tied strategies. Averaging over this stochasticity yields a description of the MG's deterministic dynamics via mapping…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2009-11-07 P. Jefferies , M. L. Hart , N. F. Johnson

To demonstrate the usefulness of physical approaches for the study of realistic economic systems, we investigate the inequality of players' wealth in one of the most extensively studied econophysical models, namely, the minority game (MG).…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-10 K. H. Ho , F. K. Chow , H. F. Chau

We partially modify the rules of the Minority Game (MG) by introducing some degree of local information in the game, which is only available for some agents, called the interacting agents. Our work shows that, for small values of the new…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-10 Ines Caridi , Horacio Ceva

In this paper, we consider a mean field game (MFG) with a major and $N$ minor agents. We first consider the limiting problem and allow the coefficients to vary with the conditional distribution in a nonlinear way. We use the stochastic…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-11-05 Ziyu Huang , Shanjian Tang

This paper studies a large population dynamic game involving nonlinear stochastic dynamical systems with agents of the following mixed types: (i) a major agent, and (ii) a population of $N$ minor agents where $N$ is very large. The major…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2013-06-07 Mojtaba Nourian , Peter E. Caines

We consider a model that demonstrates the crucial role of inertia and stickiness in multi-agent systems, based on the Minority Game (MG). The inertia of an agent is introduced into the game model by allowing agents to apply hypothesis…

Physics and Society · Physics 2009-11-11 W. C. Man , H. F. Chau

We show that in a variant of the Minority Game problem, the agents can reach a state of maximum social efficiency, where the fluctuation between the two choices is minimum, by following a simple stochastic strategy. By imagining a social…

Physics and Society · Physics 2012-03-06 Soumyajyoti Biswas , Asim Ghosh , Arnab Chatterjee , Tapan Naskar , Bikas K. Chakrabarti

The unprecedented access offered by the World Wide Web brings with it the potential to gather huge amounts of data on human activities. Here we exploit this by using a toy model of financial markets, the Minority Game (MG), to investigate…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2007-05-23 Paolo Laureti , Peter Ruch , Joseph Wakeling , Yi-Cheng Zhang

Minority game is a model of heterogeneous players who think inductively. In this game, each player chooses one out of two alternatives every turn and those who end up in the minority side wins. It is instructive to extend the minority game…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 F. K. Chow , H. F. Chau

We present a variant of the Minority Game in which players who where successful in the previous timestep stay with their decision, while the losers change their decision with a probability $p$. Analytical results for different regimes of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-10-31 G. Reents , R. Metzler , W. Kinzel

This paper considers mean field games with optimal stopping time (OSMFGs) where agents make optimal exit decisions, the coupled obstacle and Fokker-Planck equations in such models pose challenges versus classic MFGs. This paper proposes a…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-10-10 Chengfeng Shen , Yifan Luo , Zhennan Zhou

We present a spherical version of the grand-canonical minority game (GCMG), and solve its dynamics in the stationary state. The model displays several types of transitions between multiple ergodic phases and one non-ergodic phase. We derive…

Physics and Society · Physics 2009-11-13 Alex Bladon , Thomas Richardson , Tobias Galla

This paper introduces a framework of Constrained Mean-Field Games (CMFGs), where each agent solves a constrained Markov decision process (CMDP). This formulation captures scenarios in which agents' strategies are subject to feasibility,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-10-15 Anran Hu , Zijiu Lyu

We show analytically how the fluctuations (i.e. standard deviation) in the Minority Game (MG) can be made to decrease below the random coin-toss limit if the agents use more general behavioral strategies. This suppression of the standard…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-10-31 M. Hart , P. Jefferies , N. F. Johnson , P. M. Hui

The Interactive Minority Game (IMG) is an online version of the traditional Minority Game in which human players can enter into competition with the traditional computer-controlled agents. Through the rich (and, importantly, analytically…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2008-12-02 Peter Ruch , Joseph Wakeling , Yi-Cheng Zhang

This paper presents a universal representation of symmetric (permutation-invariant) functions with multidimensional variable-size variables. These representations help justify approximation methods that aggregate information from each…

General Economics · Economics 2025-05-22 Takeshi Fukasawa

In this paper, zero-sum mean-field type games (ZSMFTG) with linear dynamics and quadratic utility are studied under infinite-horizon discounted utility function. ZSMFTG are a class of games in which two decision makers whose utilities sum…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-09-07 René Carmona , Kenza Hamidouche , Mathieu Laurière , Zongjun Tan

Many security and other real-world situations are dynamic in nature and can be modelled as strictly competitive (or zero-sum) dynamic games. In these domains, agents perform actions to affect the environment and receive observations --…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2020-10-23 Karel Horák , Branislav Bošanský , Vojtěch Kovařík , Christopher Kiekintveld

We conduct a comprehensive analysis of the discrete-time exponential-weights dynamic with a constant step size on all general-sum and symmetric $2 \times 2$ normal-form games, i.e. games with $2$ pure strategies per player, and where the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Guanghui Wang , Krishna Acharya , Lokranjan Lakshmikanthan , Juba Ziani , Vidya Muthukumar