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Degree distribution models are incredibly important tools for analyzing and understanding the structure and formation of social networks, and can help guide the design of efficient graph algorithms. In particular, the Power-law degree…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2011-08-20 Alessandra Sala , Sabrina Gaito , Gian Paolo Rossi , Haitao Zheng , Ben Y. Zhao

A model of distribution of the wealth in a society based on the properties of complex networks has been proposed. The wealth is interpreted as a consequence of communication possibilities and proportional to the number of connections…

Physics and Society · Physics 2010-10-12 D. Lande , A. Snarskii , M. Zhenirovskyy

Using a model of wealth distribution where traders are characterized by quenched random saving propensities and trade among themselves by bipartite transactions, we mimic the enhanced rates of trading of the rich by introducing the…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2015-05-14 Abhijit Chakraborty , S. S. Manna

We study the statistical laws of the expenditure of a person in convenience stores by analysing around 100 million receipts. The density function of expenditure exhibits a fat tail that follows a power law. We observe the Pareto principle…

Physics and Society · Physics 2009-11-13 Takayuki Mizuno , Masahiro Toriyama , Takao Terano , Misako Takayasu

Power law distributions characterise several natural and social phenomena. The Zipf law for cities is one of those. The study views the question of whether that global regularity is independent of different spatial distributions of cities.…

Physics and Society · Physics 2021-06-09 Rolf Bergs

The rich-get-richer mechanism (agents increase their ``wealth'' randomly at a rate proportional to their holdings) is often invoked to explain the Pareto power-law distribution observed in many physical situations, such as the degree…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2008-12-02 James P. Bagrow , Jie Sun , Daniel ben-Avraham

The dynamics of wealth distribution plays a critical role in the economic market, hence an understanding of its nonequilibrium statistical mechanics is of great importance to human society. For this aim, a simple and efficient…

Physics and Society · Physics 2020-10-28 Lijie Cui , Chuandong Lin

Many communication and social networks have power-law link distributions, containing a few nodes which have a very high degree and many with low degree. The high connectivity nodes play the important role of hubs in communication and…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2009-11-07 L. A. Adamic , R. M. Lukose , A. R. Puniyani , B. A. Huberman

We discuss superstatistics theory of labour productivity. Productivity distribution across workers, firms and industrial sectors are studied empirically and found to obey power-distributions, in sharp contrast to the equilibrium theories of…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2015-05-13 Hideaki Aoyama , Hiroshi Yoshikawa , Hiroshi Iyetomi , Yoshi Fujiwara

In this paper we perform a statistical analysis of the high-frequency returns of the IBEX35 Madrid stock exchange index. We find that its probability distribution seems to be stable over different time scales, a stylized fact observed in…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2013-06-05 Pablo Suárez-García , David Gómez-Ullate

In this paper we investigate predictability of electricity prices in the Canadian provinces of Alberta and Ontario, as well as in the US Mid-C market. Using scale-dependent detrended fluctuation analysis, spectral analysis, and the…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2015-06-01 Olga Y. Uritskaya , Vadim M. Uritsky

Financial markets can be seen as complex systems in non-equilibrium steady state, one of whose most important properties is the distribution of price fluctuations. Recently, there have been assertions that this distribution is qualitatively…

Physics and Society · Physics 2008-12-02 Raj Kumar Pan , Sitabhra Sinha

We consider the ideal-gas models of trading markets, where each agent is identified with a gas molecule and each trading as an elastic or money-conserving (two-body) collision. Unlike in the ideal gas, we introduce saving propensity…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2008-12-02 Bikas K. Chakrabarti , Arnab Chatterjee

Nature access is increasingly recognised as a public health and equity imperative, yet cities lack standardised ways to measure who benefits from green infrastructure. We present the first national, building-level assessment of the 3-30-300…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-10-27 Andrés Camilo Zúñiga-González , Anil Madhavapeddy , Ronita Bardhan

We propose a bare-bones stochastic model that takes into account both the geographical distribution of people within a country and their complex network of connections. The model, which is designed to give rise to a scale-free network of…

Physics and Society · Physics 2014-02-04 Gerald F. Frasco , Jie Sun , Hernan D. Rozenfeld , Daniel ben-Avraham

The analysis of income and wealth inequality is often constrained by the lack of reliable data. In this work, we introduce a proxy-based approach in which sports performance data are used to mimic economic distributions. In particular, the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2026-05-06 Soumendra Nath Ruz , Asim Ghosh

We formalize a generalized form of the Pareto principle - ``fraction $p$ of inputs yields fraction $1-p$ of outputs'' - as a property of non-negative gain densities $\ell \in L^1([0,1])$, working with the decreasing rearrangement to obtain…

Physics and Society · Physics 2026-05-14 Antti Hippeläinen

We investigate scaling properties of human brain functional networks in the resting-state. Analyzing network degree distributions, we statistically test whether their tails scale as power-law or not. Initial studies, based on least-squares…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2017-02-03 Riccardo Zucca , Xerxes D. Arsiwalla , Hoang Le , Mikail Rubinov , Paul Verschure

An important class of economic models involve agents whose wealth changes due to transactions with other agents. Several authors have pointed out an analogy with kinetic theory, which describes molecules whose momentum and energy changes…

Physics and Society · Physics 2014-07-22 Bruce M. Boghosian

As distribution systems move towards being more actively managed there is increased potential for regional markets and the application of locational marginal prices (LMPs) to capture spatial variation in the marginal cost of electricity at…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2019-06-06 Calum Edmunds , Waqquas Bukhsh , Simon Gill , Stuart Galloway