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Let k => 1, m => 1 be small fixed integers, gcd(k, m) = 1. This note develops some techniques for proving the existence of infinitely many primes solutions x = p, and y = q of the linear Diophantine equation y = mx + k.

This paper considers solutions (x_1, x_2, ..., x_n) to the cyclic system of n simultaneous congruences r (x_1x_2 ...x_n)/x_i = s (mod |x_i|), for fixed nonzero integers r,s with r>0 and gcd(r,s)=1. It shows this system has a finite number…

In this note, we find all the solutions of the Diophantine equation x^2 +2^a.3^b.11^c=y^n in nonnegative integers a, b, c, x, y, n>= 3 with x and y coprime.

Given positive integers $a_1,...,a_n$ with $\gcd(a_1,...,a_n) = 1$, we call an integer t representable if there exist nonnegative integers $m_1,...,m_n$ such that $t = m_1 a_1 + ... + m_n a_n$. In this paper, we discuss the linear…

For relatively prime natural numbers $a$ and $b$, we study the two equations $ax+by = (a-1)(b-1)/2$ and $ax+by+1= (a-1)(b-1)/2$, which arise from the study of cyclotomic polynomials. Previous work showed that exactly one equation has a…

In this paper, we consider the problem of deciding the existence of real solutions to a system of polynomial equations having real coefficients, and which are invariant under the action of the symmetric group. We construct and analyze a…

In this paper, we find all the solutions of the Diophantine equation $P_\ell + P_m +P_n=2^a$, in nonnegative integer variables $(n,m,\ell, a)$ where $P_k$ is the $k$-th term of the Pell sequence $\{P_n\}_{n\ge 0}$ given by $P_0=0$, $P_1=1$…

Let $1<k<14/5$, $\lambda_1,\lambda_2,\lambda_3$ and $\lambda_4$ be non-zero real numbers, not all of the same sign such that $\lambda_1/\lambda_2$ is irrational and let $\omega$ be a real number. We prove that the inequality…

A homogeneous polynomial S(x_1, ..., x_n) of degree r in n variables posesses a discriminant D_{n|r}(S), which vanishes if and only if the system of equations dS/dx_i = 0 has non-trivial solutions. We give an explicit formula for…

We deal with the problem to find the number $P(b)$ of integer non-negative solutions of an equation $\sum_{i=1}^{n} a_i x_i=b$, where $a_1,a_2,...,a_n$ are natural numbers and $b$ is a non-negative integer. As different from the traditional…

The aim of this paper is to prove the possibility of linearization of such equations by means of introduction of new variables. For $n=2$ such a procedure is well known, when new variables are components of spinors and they are widely used…

Let us denote by $F_n$ the $n$-th Fibonacci number. In this paper we show that for a fixed integer $y$ there exists at most one integer exponent $a>0$ such that the Diophantine equation $F_n+F_m=y^a$ has a solution $(n,m,a)$ in positive…

In this paper we find a parametric solution to the hitherto unsolved problem of finding three positive integers such that their sum, the sum of their squares and the sum of their cubes are simultaneously perfect squares.

When $k\ge 4$ and $0\le d\le (k-2)/4$, we consider the system of Diophantine equations \[ x_1^j+\ldots +x_k^j=y_1^j+\ldots +y_k^j\quad (1\le j\le k,\, j\ne k-d). \] We show that in this cousin of a Vinogradov system, there is a paucity of…

Let $a, b\in \mathbb{N}$ be relatively prime. Previous work showed that exactly one of the two equations $ax + by = (a-1)(b-1)/2$ and $ax + by + 1 = (a-1)(b-1)/2$ has a nonnegative, integral solution; furthermore, the solution is unique.…

Let $f$ be a homogeneous polynomial with rational coefficients in $d$ variables. We prove several results concerning uniform simultaneous approximation to points on the graph of $f$, as well as on the hypersurface $\{f(x_1,\dots,x_d) =…

We study the distribution of the values of the form $\lambda_1 p_1 + \lambda_2 p_2 + \lambda_3 p_3^k$, where $\lambda_1$, $\lambda_2$ and $\lambda_3$ are non-zero real number not all of the same sign, with $\lambda_1 / \lambda_2$…

Let $d\ge 2$ and $n\ge d$ with $(d,n)\notin \{(2,2),(3,3)\}$. We consider homogeneous Diophantine equations of degree $d$ in $n+1$ variables and whether they have solutions in the primes. In particular, we show that a certain local-global…

Given a positive definite binary quadratic form f, let r(n) = |{(x,y): f(x,y)=n}| denote its representation function. In this paper we study linear correlations of these functions. For example, if r_1, ..., r_k are representation functions,…

Let $1<k<7/6$, $\lambda_1,\lambda_2,\lambda_3$ and $\lambda_4$ be non-zero real numbers, not all of the same sign such that $\lambda_1/\lambda_2$ is irrational and let $\omega$ be a real number. We prove that the inequality…