Related papers: Fractionalize This
We discuss possible patterns of electron fractionalization in strongly interacting electron systems. A popular possibility is one in which the charge of the electron has been liberated from its Fermi statistics. Such a fractionalized phase…
High transition temperature superconductors in cuprates exhibit the charge-density-wave fluctuations and the ferromagnetic time-reversal-symmetry-breaking fluctuation in the polar Kerr rotation experiments. We demonstrate that they share…
We discuss the possibility that the electron may be fractionalized in some quantum phases of matter in two or higher dimensions. We review the theory of such phases, and show that their effective theory is a $Z_2$ gauge theory. These phases…
It is very important to elucidate the mechanism of superconductivity for achieving room temperature superconductivity. This paper is a short review article on the mechanism of high-temperature superconductivity. In the first half of this…
We consider the concept of fractons in the context of high-$T_{c}$ superconductivity. These objects, which carry rational or irrational quantum numbers, are classified into universal classes $h$ of particles or quasiparticles which obey…
This paper is concerned with the idea that the electron is fractionalized in the cuprate high-$T_c$ materials. We show how the notion of topological order may be used to develop a precise theoretical characterization of a fractionalized…
Various charge pairings in strongly correlated electron systems are interpreted as quantum entanglement of a composite system. Particles in the intermediate phase have a tendency to form the coherent superposition state of the localized…
The electronic phase diagrams of many highly correlated systems, and in particular the cuprate high temperature superconductors, are complex, with many different phases appearing with similar-sometimes identical-ordering temperatures even…
In this paper, we argue that the high-temperature superconductors do not belong to strong correlated electron systems. It is shown that both the two-dimensional Hubbard and t-J models are inadequate for describing high temperature…
It is proposed that in high temperature superconductors Cooper pairs form and condense due to the monotonic-oscillatory transition in the pair potential of mean force, which occurs quite generally at high coupling in charge systems. It is…
Scattering of electrons due to fractons can result in a resistivity that {\it decreases} with temperature. Such a behavior also appears in real quasicrystals. If this is then attributed to fracton scattering, fracton-superconductivity would…
In quantum materials, electrons that have strong correlations tend to localize, leading to quantum spins as the building blocks for low-energy physics. When strongly correlated electrons coexist with more weakly-correlated conduction…
How the superconductivity in unconventional superconductors emerges from the diverse mother normal states is still a big puzzle. Whatever the mother normal states are the superconductivity is {\em normal} with BCS-like behaviours of the…
It has long been thought that strongly correlated systems are adiabatically connected to their noninteracting counterpart. Recent developments have highlighted the fallacy of this traditional notion in a variety of settings. Here we use a…
A brief history is offered concerning the relation of magnetism to superconductivity, and the possibility that magnetic correlations are responsible for certain types of superconductors. A central focus is on high temperature cuprate…
High temperature superconductivity was achieved by introducing holes in a parent compound consisting of copper oxide layers separated by spacer layers. It is possible to dope some of the parent compounds with electrons, and their physical…
From an analysis of the specific heat of one of the cuprate superconductors it is shown, that even if a large part of the experimental specific heat associated with the superconducting phase transition is due to fluctuations, this part must…
This article surveys the physics of systems proximate to Mott insulators, and presents a classification using conventional and topological order parameters. This classification offers a valuable perspective on a variety of conducting…
Antiferromagnetism couples electron spin to its orbital motion, thus allowing excitation of electron-spin transitions by an ac electric rather than magnetic field - with absorption, exceeding that of common electron spin resonance at least…
A wide variety of experimental results and theoretical investigations in recent years have convincingly demonstrated that several transition metal oxides and other materials, have dominant states that are not spatially homogeneous. This…