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A number of methods are discussed which may serve for a treatment of electron correlations in solids. When the electron correlations are relatively weak like in semiconductors or a number of ionic crystals one may start from a…
Two-dimensional interacting electron systems become strongly correlated if the electrons are subject to a perpendicular high magnetic field. After introducing the physics of the quantum Hall regime the incompressible many- particle ground…
The elementary excitations of a state of matter consisting of large collection of interacting particles can be very different from the original particles. In the most interesting examples, the particles effectively decompose into smaller…
Energy conversion in materials can be considered as a sequence of elementary steps initiated by a primary excitation. While these steps are quite well understood in classical semiconductors in terms of quasiparticle (QP) excitations and…
The correlations of the electrons field-emitted from a superconductor are fully analyzed, both in space and time. It is proposed that a coincidence experiment would reveal a positive correlation between the electrons emitted in opposite…
Theoretical ideas and experimental results concerning high temperature superconductors are reviewed. Special emphasis is given to calculations carried out with the help of computers applied to models of strongly correlated electrons…
High temperature superconductivity encompasses the cuprates, nickelates, iron pnictides, and LaH$_x$ compounds. The first three groups of compounds involve in the pairing electrons, which are strongly to moderately correlated, whereas in…
We show that a quantum wire device with spin splitting can work as an active spin polarizer. Hot electrons in one `spin' subband (e.g. `spin-up') may pass such a device with weak electron pair scattering, while electrons in the opposite…
The role of electronic correlations in Condensed Matter is at the heart of various important systems, like magnetic materials, superconductors, topological materials, optical lattices, etc. Electronic correlations are those which change the…
In recent years, much attention has been paid to the development of techniques which transfer trapped particles to very low temperatures. Here we focus our attention on a heating mechanism which contributes to the finite temperature limit…
A theory of transverse electron transport coupled with heat transfer in semiconductor thin films is developed conceptually modeling structures of modern electronics. The transverse currents generate Joule heat with positive feedback through…
Inside the metals, semiconductors, and magnets of our everyday experience, electrons are uniformly distributed throughout the material. By contrast, electrons often form clumpy patterns inside of strongly correlated electronic systems…
Coupled systems in mesoscopic regime are of interest as charge fluctuation between the sub-systems will depend on electron-electron interactions and will play a dominant role in determining their thermodynamic properties. We study some…
We consider the problem of interacting electrons constrained to move on a fluctuating one-dimensional string. An effective low-energy theory for the electrons is derived by integrating out the string degrees of freedom to lowest order in…
A model is proposed such that quasi-particles (electrons or holes) residing in the CuO2 planes of cuprates may interact leading to metallic or superconducting behaviors. The metallic phase is obtained when the quasi-particles are treated as…
We consider the two-band Hubbard model, where electrons from different bands interact through an on-site one- and two-particle hybridization. The proposed Hamiltonian makes it possible to construct an effective theory and answer the…
The copper-oxide based high temperature superconductors have complex phase diagrams with multiple ordered phases. It even appears that the highest superconducting transition temperatures for certain cuprates are found in samples which…
High temperature superconductivity is a property of doped antiferromagnetic insulators. The electronic structure is inhomogeneous on short length and time scales, and, as the temperature decreases, it evolves via two crossovers, before long…
Infrared spectroscopy has emerged as a premier experimental technique to probe enigmatic effects arising from strong correlations in solids. Here we report on recent advances in this area focusing on common patterns in correlated electron…
A fundamental issue of the Mott transition is how electrons behaving as single particles carrying spin and charge in a metal change into those exhibiting separated spin and charge excitations (low-energy spin excitation and high-energy…