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We study statistical signatures of composite bosons made of two fermions using a new many-body approach. Extending number-states to composite bosons, two-particle correlations as well as the dispersion of the probability distribution are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-03-17 M. Combescot , F. Dubin , M. A. Dupertuis

The logical and practical difficulties associated with research interpretation using P values and null hypothesis significance testing have been extensively documented. This paper describes an alternative, likelihood-based approach to…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-09-21 Nicholas Adams , Gerard O'Reilly

We derive sufficient conditions for the mixing of all orders of interacting transformations of a spatial Poisson point process, under a zero-type condition in probability and a generalized adaptedness condition. This extends a classical…

Probability · Mathematics 2013-12-24 Nicolas Privault

Coherence plays a very important role in Grover search algorithm (GSA). In this paper, we define the normalization coherence N(C), where C is a coherence measurement. In virtue of the constraint of large N and Shannon's maximum entropy…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-22 Minghua Pan , Haozhen Situ , Shenggen Zheng

If the prior probability distributions of all possible hypothetical true means and all possible observed means of a continuous variable are conditional on the universal set of all numbers (i.e., before the nature of a study is known and a…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-06-05 Huw Llewelyn

We apply a common measure of randomness, the entropy, in the context of iterated functions on a finite set with n elements. For a permutation, it turns out that this entropy is asymptotically (for a growing number of iterations) close to…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2017-12-20 Joachim von zur Gathen

Specimens are collected from $N$ different sources. Each specimen has probability $p$ of being contaminated, independently of the other specimens. We assume group testing is applicable, namely one can take small portions from several…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-09-24 Vassilis G. Papanicolaou

Following the student t-statistic, normalization has been a widely used method in statistic and other disciplines including economics, ecology and machine learning. We focus on statistics taking the form of a ratio over (some power of) the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-09-19 Haolin Zou , Heyuan Yao , Victor de la Peña

This paper examines the statistical properties of a distributional form that arises from pooled testing for the prevalence of a binary outcome. Our base distribution is a two-parameter distribution using a prevalence and excess intensity…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-08-11 Ben O'Neill , Angus McLure

Lambda calculus is the basis of functional programming and higher order proof assistants. However, little is known about combinatorial properties of lambda terms, in particular, about their asymptotic distribution and random generation.…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2013-07-05 Katarzyna Grygiel , Pierre Lescanne

Let $G_{k,n}$ be a group of permutations of $kn$ objects which permutes things independently in disjoint blocks of size $k$ and then permutes the blocks. We investigate the probabilistic and/or enumerative aspects of random elements of…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-04-29 Persi Diaconis , Nathan Tung

Simon's congruence $\sim_k$ is defined as follows: two words are $\sim_k$-equivalent if they have the same set of subsequences of length at most $k$. We propose an algorithm which computes, given two words $s$ and $t$, the largest $k$ for…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2021-03-16 Pawel Gawrychowski , Maria Kosche , Tore Koss , Florin Manea , Stefan Siemer

The theory of probability, based on very general rules referred to as the Cox-Polya-Jaynes Desiderata, can be used both as a theory of random mass phenomena and as a quantitative theory of plausible inference about the parameters of…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2008-05-19 Tomaz Podobnik , Tomi Zivko

In this paper, two parametric probability distributions capable to describe the statistics of X-ray photon detection by a CCD are presented. They are formulated from simple models that account for the pile-up phenomenon, in which two or…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2013-10-30 Diego J. R. Sevilla

Multiple importance sampling (MIS) is an increasingly used methodology where several proposal densities are used to approximate integrals, generally involving target probability density functions. The use of several proposals allows for a…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-07-12 Rahul Mukerjee , Víctor Elvira

What are the criteria that a measure of statistical evidence should satisfy? It is argued that a measure of evidence should be consistent. Consistency is an asymptotic criterion: the probability that if a measure of evidence in data…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2011-11-22 M. Grendar

We use Stein's method to obtain bounds on the rate of convergence for a class of statistics in geometric probability obtained as a sum of contributions from Poisson points which are exponentially stabilizing, i.e. locally determined in a…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Mathew D. Penrose , J. E. Yukich

In this paper, we develop a computational approach for estimating the mean value of a quantity in the presence of uncertainty. We demonstrate that, under some mild assumptions, the upper and lower bounds of the mean value are efficiently…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2013-11-05 Xinjia Chen

In algorithmic randomness, when one wants to define a randomness notion with respect to some non-computable measure $\lambda $, a choice needs to be made. One approach is to allow randomness tests to access the measure $\lambda $ as an…

Logic · Mathematics 2014-08-14 Bjørn Kjos-Hanssen , Antoine Taveneaux , Neil Thapen

The basic idea of importance sampling is to use independent samples from a proposal measure in order to approximate expectations with respect to a target measure. It is key to understand how many samples are required in order to guarantee…

Computation · Statistics 2017-01-17 S. Agapiou , O. Papaspiliopoulos , D. Sanz-Alonso , A. M. Stuart