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In this report, we explore the use of a quantum optimization algorithm for obtaining low energy conformations of protein models. We discuss mappings between protein models and optimization variables, which are in turn mapped to a system of…

In the absence of fault tolerant quantum error correction for analog, Hamiltonian quantum computation, error suppression via energy penalties is an effective alternative. We construct families of distance-$2$ stabilizer subsystem codes we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-06 Phattharaporn Singkanipa , Zihan Xia , Daniel A. Lidar

We propose a polynomial-time algorithm for preparing the Gibbs state of the two-dimensional toric code Hamiltonian at any temperature, starting from any initial condition, significantly improving upon prior estimates that suggested…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-02 Zhiyan Ding , Zeph Landau , Bowen Li , Lin Lin , Ruizhe Zhang

Characterizing quantum many-body systems is a fundamental problem across physics, chemistry, and materials science. While significant progress has been made, many existing Hamiltonian learning protocols demand digital quantum control over…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-10 Sitan Chen , Jordan Cotler , Hsin-Yuan Huang

Topological subsystem codes proposed recently by Bombin are quantum error correcting codes defined on a two-dimensional grid of qubits that permit reliable quantum information storage with a constant error threshold. These codes require…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-20 Martin Suchara , Sergey Bravyi , Barbara M. Terhal

We introduce a family of Hamiltonian systems for measurement-based quantum computation with continuous variables. The Hamiltonians (i) are quadratic, and therefore two body, (ii) are of short range, (iii) are frustration-free, and (iv)…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-03-01 Leandro Aolita , Augusto J. Roncaglia , Alessandro Ferraro , Antonio Acín

We present a generalization of the double semion topological quantum field theory to higher dimensions, as a theory of $d-1$ dimensional surfaces in a $d$ dimensional ambient space. We construct a local Hamiltonian which is a sum of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-12-15 Michael H. Freedman , Matthew B. Hastings

The Kitaev model is a remarkable spin model with gapped and gapless spin liquid phases, which are potentially realized in iridates and $\alpha$-RuCl$_3$. In the recent experiment of $\alpha$-RuCl$_3$, the signature of a nematic transition…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2021-07-21 Masahiko G. Yamada , Satoshi Fujimoto

We present hybrid Gibbs sampling algorithms for the stabilizer code Hamiltonians of the rotated surface code and the toric code with only local quantum algorithms, using $\sim L/2$ quantum circuit depth to prepare the Gibbs state of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-17 Ivan H. C. Shum , Angela Capel

We construct a Pauli stabilizer model for every two-dimensional Abelian topological order that admits a gapped boundary. Our primary example is a Pauli stabilizer model on four-dimensional qudits that belongs to the double semion (DS) phase…

We introduce an entropic quantity for two-dimensional (2D) quantum spin systems to characterize gapped quantum phases modeled by local commuting projector code Hamiltonians. The definition is based on a recently introduced specific operator…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-01-31 Kohtaro Kato , Pieter Naaijkens

Quantum error correction (QEC) is critical for scalable fault-tolerant quantum computing. Topological codes, such as the toric code, offer hardware-efficient architectures but their Tanner graphs contain many girth-4 cycles that degrade the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-24 Luca Menti , Francisco Lázaro

Efficient block encoding of many-body Hamiltonians is a central requirement for quantum algorithms in scientific computing, particularly in the early fault-tolerant era. In this work, we introduce new explicit constructions for block…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-13 Diyi Liu , Shuchen Zhu , Guang Hao Low , Lin Lin , Chao Yang

We introduce a family of 2D topological subsystem quantum error-correcting codes. The gauge group is generated by 2-local Pauli operators, so that 2-local measurements are enough to recover the error syndrome. We study the computational…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-03-04 H. Bombin

Three-dimensional (3D) topological codes offer the advantage of supporting fault-tolerant implementations of non-Clifford gates, yet their performance against realistic noise remains largely unexplored. In this work, we focus on the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-31 Ji-Ze Xu , Yin Zhong , Miguel A. Martin-Delgado , Hao Song , Ke Liu

The recent "honeycomb code" is a fault-tolerant quantum memory defined by a sequence of checks which implements a nontrivial automorphism of the toric code. We argue that a general framework to understand this code is to consider continuous…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-31 David Aasen , Zhenghan Wang , Matthew B. Hastings

This paper studies fault-tolerant quantum computation with gapped boundaries. We first introduce gapped boundaries of Kitaev's quantum double models for Dijkgraaf-Witten theories using their Hamiltonian realizations. We classify the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-10-18 Iris Cong , Meng Cheng , Zhenghan Wang

We discuss encodings of fermionic many-body systems by qubits in the presence of symmetries. Such encodings eliminate redundant degrees of freedom in a way that preserves a simple structure of the system Hamiltonian enabling quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-01-31 Sergey Bravyi , Jay M. Gambetta , Antonio Mezzacapo , Kristan Temme

We study the quantum error correction threshold of Kitaev's toric code over the group Z_d subject to a generalized bit-flip noise. This problem requires novel decoding techniques, and for this purpose we generalize the renormalization group…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-10-14 Guillaume Duclos-Cianci , David Poulin

We investigate the impact of an isotropic antiferromagnetic Heisenberg perturbation on the toric code, focusing on the resulting quantum phase transition and the nature of the phase that emerges beyond topological order. Using…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2026-03-09 Won Jang , Robert Peters , Thore Posske