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We study event-by-event dynamical fluctuations of various particle ratios at different energies. We assume that particle production in final state is due to chemical equilibrium processes. We compare results from resonance gas model with…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2012-07-10 A. Tawfik

In systems of diffusing particles, we investigate large deviations of a time-averaged measure of clustering around one particle. We focus on biased ensembles of trajectories, which realise large-deviation events. The bias acts on a single…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-06-02 Jakub Dolezal , Robert L. Jack

Researchers often have to deal with heterogeneous population with mixed regression relationships, increasingly so in the era of data explosion. In such problems, when there are many candidate predictors, it is not only of interest to…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-02-05 Yan Li , Chun Yu , Yize Zhao , Robert H. Aseltine , Weixin Yao , Kun Chen

Mixture models are widely used in modeling heterogeneous data populations. A standard approach of mixture modeling assumes that the mixture component takes a parametric kernel form. In many applications, making parametric assumptions on the…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-06 Yilei Zhang , Yun Wei , Aritra Guha , XuanLong Nguyen

To reconstruct the impact parameter distributions from the selected events sample or centrality, which is defined by two-observables, at intermediate energy heavy ion collisions, we extend the approach proposed by Das \textit{et al.} [Phys.…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2023-09-06 Xiang Chen , Li Li , Ying Cui , Junping Yang , Zhuxia Li , Yingxun Zhang

Several theoretical results concerning event-by-event fluctuations are discussed: (1) a role of the global conservation laws and concept of statistical ensembles; (2) strongly intensive measures are introduced; they give a possibility to…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2015-05-18 Mark I. Gorenstein

Statistical modeling of physical laws connects experiments with mathematical descriptions of natural phenomena. The modeling is based on the probability density of measured variables expressed by experimental data via a kernel estimator. As…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2007-07-13 Igor Grabec

In this review, we systematically examine the principles and the practices of fluctuations such as the momentum and the charge fluctuations as applied to the heavy ion collisions. Main emphases are: (i) Fluctuations as signals of phase…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 Sangyong Jeon , Volker Koch

Multivariate data sources with components of different information value seem to appear frequently in practice. Models in which the components change their homogeneity at different times are of significant importance. The fact whether any…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-11-04 Krzysztof Szajowski

When the complete understanding of a complex system is not available, as, e.g., for systems considered in the real-world, we need a top-down approach to complexity. In this approach one may start with the desire to understand general…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2019-05-22 Joachim Peinke , Mohammad Reza Rahimi Tabar , Matthias Wächter

We describe and analyze a broad class of mixture models for real-valued multivariate data in which the probability density of observations within each component of the model is represented as an arbitrary combination of basis functions.…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-02-28 M. E. J. Newman

Model-based clustering is a powerful tool that is often used to discover hidden structure in data by grouping observational units that exhibit similar response values. Recently, clustering methods have been developed that permit…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-06-24 Sally Paganin , Garritt L. Page , Fernando Andrés Quintana

We study the probability distribution $P$ of the sum of a large number of non-identically distributed random variables $n_m$. Condensation of fluctuations, the phenomenon whereby one of such variables provides a macroscopic contribution to…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-04-29 Federico Corberi

We study the statistical fluctuations (such as the variance) of causal set quantities, with particular focus on the causal set action. To facilitate calculating such fluctuations, we develop tools to account for correlations between causal…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-02-11 Heidar Moradi , Yasaman K. Yazdi , Miguel Zilhão

We discuss various measures of net charge (conserved quantities) fluctuations proposed for the identification of critical phenomena in heavy ion collisions. We show the dynamical component of fluctuations of the net charge can be expressed…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2009-11-07 C. Pruneau , S. Gavin , S. Voloshin

The effect of decoherence is analysed for a free particle, interacting with an environment via a dissipative coupling. The interaction between the particle and the environment occurs by a coupling of the position operator of the particle…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-22 Anu Venugopalan

We propose using neural networks to detect data departures from a given reference model, with no prior bias on the nature of the new physics responsible for the discrepancy. The virtues of neural networks as unbiased function approximants…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2019-01-16 Raffaele Tito D'Agnolo , Andrea Wulzer

This paper employs Bayesian probability theory for analyzing data generated in femtosecond pump-probe photoelectron-photoion coincidence (PEPICO) experiments. These experiments allow investigating ultrafast dynamical processes in…

Mixture models provide a flexible representation of heterogeneity in a finite number of latent classes. From the Bayesian point of view, Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods provide a way to draw inferences from these models. In particular,…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-05-06 Carolina Valani Cavalcante , Kelly Cristina Mota Gonçalves

Determining the inner structure of protons and nuclei in terms of their fundamental constituents has been one of the main tasks of high energy nuclear and particle physics experiments. This quest started as a mapping of the (average) parton…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-08-05 Heikki Mäntysaari