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We demonstrate that a new type of analysis in heavy-ion collisions, based on an event-by-event analysis of the transverse momentum distribution, allows us to obtain information on secondary interactions and collective behaviour that is not…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2011-09-13 Marek Gazdzicki , Andrei Leonidov , Gunther Roland

We show how to obtain a Bayesian estimate of the rates or numbers of signal and background events from a set of events when the shapes of the signal and background distributions are known, can be estimated, or approximated; our method works…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-15 Will M. Farr , Jonathan R. Gair , Ilya Mandel , Curt Cutler

The effect of limiting the acceptance in rapidity on event-by-event multiplicity fluctuations in nucleus-nucleus collisions has been investigated. Our analysis shows that the multiplicity fluctuations decrease when the rapidity acceptance…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2009-11-07 D. P. Mahapatra , B. Mohanty , S. C. Phatak

A model of interacting random walkers is presented and shown to give rise to patterns consisting in periodic arrangements of fluctuating particle clusters. The model represents biological individuals that die or reproduce at rates depending…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-10 Cristobal Lopez , Emilio Hernandez-Garcia

The number of particles detected in a nucleus-nucleus collision strongly depends on the impact parameter of the collision. Therefore, multiplicity fluctuations, as well as rapidity correlations of multiplicities, are dominated by impact…

Monte Carlo (MC) generators are crucial for analyzing data in particle collider experiments. However, often even a small mismatch between the MC simulations and the measurements can undermine the interpretation of the results. This is…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2022-05-18 Ezequiel Alvarez , Barry M. Dillon , Darius A. Faroughy , Jernej F. Kamenik , Federico Lamagna , Manuel Szewc

We study the application of a Bayesian method to extract relevant information from data for the case of a signal consisting of two or more decaying particles and its background. The method takes advantage of the dependence that exists in…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-06-06 Ezequiel Alvarez

Background modelling is one of the main challenges in particle physics data analysis. Commonly employed strategies include the use of simulated events of the background processes, and the fitting of parametric background models to the…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2022-10-19 A. Chisholm , T. Neep , K. Nikolopoulos , R. Owen , E. Reynolds , J. Silva

A method to study event--by--event fluctuations of the `chemical' (particle type) composition of the final state of high energy collisions is proposed.}

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2011-09-13 Marek Gazdzicki

Searches for faint signals in counting experiments are often encountered in particle physics and astrophysics, as well as in other fields. Many problems can be reduced to the case of a model with independent and Poisson-distributed signal…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2017-02-14 Diego Casadei , Cornelius Grunwald , Kevin Kröninger , Florian Mentzel

In relativistic heavy-ion collisions, properties of the initial state and effects arising during evolution of the medium, such as a transition between the hadronic and partonic phases, should reflect themselves in event-by-event…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2019-04-05 Igor Altsybeev

The event-by-event analysis of high energy nuclear collisions aims at revealing the richness of the underlying event structures and provide unique measures of dynamical fluctuations associated with QGP phase transition. The major challenge…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2008-11-26 Tapan K. Nayak

We discuss and briefly overview recent progress with studying fluctuations in scattering on a resonance state coupled to the background of many chaotic states. Such a problem arises naturally, e.g., when dealing with wave propagation in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-12-21 D. V. Savin

The search for faint emission or absorption lines in astronomical spectra has received considerable attention in recent years, especially in the X-ray wavelength range. These features usually appear as a deficit or excess of counts in a…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-10-05 Massimiliano Bonamente

In relativistic heavy-ion collisions, event-by-event fluctuations are known to have non-trivial implications. Even though the probability distribution is geometrically isotropic for the initial conditions, the anisotropic $\varepsilon_n$…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2023-04-04 Wei-Liang Qian , Kai Lin , Chong Ye , Jin Li , Yu Pan , Rui-Hong Yue

This contribution presents a review of our present theoretical as well as experimental knowledge of different fluctuation observables relevant to nuclear multifragmentation. The possible connection between the presence of a fluctuation peak…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2009-11-11 F. Gulminelli , M. D'Agostino

We propose a method to organize experimental data from particle collision experiments in a general format which can enable a simple visualisation and effective classification of collision data using machine learning techniques. The method…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2019-04-15 S. V. Chekanov

Initial fluctuations in hydrodynamic fields such as energy density or flow velocity give access to understanding initial state and equilibration physics as well as thermodynamic and transport properties. We provide evidence that the fluid…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-06-22 Stefan Floerchinger , Urs Achim Wiedemann , Andrea Beraudo , Luca Del Zanna , Gabriele Inghirami , Valentina Rolando

This work presents an analysis of event-by-event multiplicity fluctuations as a sensitive tool for diagnosing the state of matter produced in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. Using a modified version of the HIJING Monte Carlo generator,…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-03-12 Y. A. Rusak , L. F. Babichev

A method for selecting events with densely populated narrow regions or spikes in a given data sample is discussed. Applying this method to 200 A GeV/c 32S-AgBr and 32S-Gold collision data, a few events having "hot regions" are chosen for…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2015-10-13 Shakeel Ahmad , M. M. Khan , Shaista Khan , A. Khatun , M. Irfan