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Condensation of water vapor on active cloud condensation nuclei produces micron-size water droplets. To form rain, they must grow rapidly into at least 50-100 $\mu$m droplets. Observations show that this process takes only 15-20 minutes.…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2015-12-16 T. Elperin , N. Kleeorin , B. Krasovitov , M. Kulmala , M. Liberman , I. Rogachevskii , S. Zilitinkevich

Marangoni self-contracted droplets are formed by a mixture of two liquids, one of larger surface tension and larger evaporation rate than the other. Due to evaporation, the droplets contract to a stable contact angle instead of spreading on…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2017-11-20 Adrien Benusiglio , Nate Cira , Anna Wei Lai , Manu Prakash

We investigate experimentally and theoretically the interactions between a cavitation bubble and a hemispherical pendant oil droplet immersed in water. In experiments, the cavitation bubble is generated by a focused laser pulse right below…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-10-24 Zibo Ren , Huan Han , Hao Zeng , Chao Sun , Yoshiyuki Tagawa , Zhigang Zuo , Shuhong Liu

We experiment with injecting a continuous stream of gas into a shallow liquid, similar to how one might blow into a straw placed at the bottom of a near-empty drink. By varying the angle of the straw (here a metal needle), we observe a…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2009-09-29 James C. Bird , Howard A. Stone

We study the coalescence of two drops of an ideal fluid driven by surface tension. The velocity of approach is taken to be zero and the dynamical effect of the outer fluid (usually air) is neglected. Our approximation is expected to be…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2009-11-07 L. Duchemin , J. Eggers , C. Josserand

Bubbles bursting at the surface of the ocean produce drops that heavily influence ocean-atmosphere interactions. One of the mechanisms through which drops are formed is called jet drop production, where the collapse of the bubble cavity…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-11-04 Tristan Aurégan , Noé Daniel , Megan Mazzatenta , Luc Deike

Droplets that impact the surface of a deep liquid pool may form a vertical jet after the cavity formation event, provided they have sufficient impact energy. Depending on the associated time scales and the effect of the Rayleigh Plateau…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-01-29 Akshay Manoj Bhaskaran , Arnov Paul , Apurba Roy , Devranjan Samanta , Purbarun Dhar

This paper describes a study of the generation of a plughole vortex and its consequences in a drainpipe during drainage of water from a stationary rectangular tank. The critical and minimum depths of water above the inlet of the drainpipe,…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2020-12-22 Rayhan Ahmed , Heechang Lim

This paper describes the techniques and physical parameters used to produce stable centimetric water drops in microgravity, and to study single cavitation bubbles inside such drops (Parabolic Flight Campaigns, European Space Agency ESA).…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2010-10-22 Philippe Kobel , Danail Obreschkow , Aurèle de Bosset , Nicolas Dorsaz , M. Farhat

The process of drop formation from a nozzle can be seen in many natural systems and engineering applications. Here, we investigate the formation of a liquid droplet from a wettable nozzle. The behavior of a drop is complicated due to an…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2015-05-27 Brian Chang , Gary Nave , Sunghwan Jung

The short-term transient falling dynamics of a dripping water drop in quiescent air has been investigated through both simulation and experiment. The focus is on the short term behavior and the time range considered covers about eight…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2020-03-18 Bo Zhang , Pei-Hsun Tsai , An-Bang Wang , Stéphane Popinet , Stéphane Zaleski , Yue Ling

Droplet velocities used in impact studies were investigated using high-speed photography. It was determined that droplets do not reach terminal velocity before a typical impact, raising the question of how to predict impact velocity. This…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-04-05 Wenjie Ji , Siyuan Wang , Jiguang Hao , J. M. Floryan

As the liquid jet plunges into a free surface, significant air is entrained into the water and forms air pockets. These air pockets eventually break up into small bubbles, which travel downstream to form a bubbly wake. To better understand…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2011-10-19 Chao-Tsung Hsiao , Jingsen Ma , Xiongjun Wu , Georges L. Chahine

Charged water drops are more widespread than commonly acknowledged. For example, raindrops typically carry charges of order Q ~ 1 pC, while routine pipetting in the laboratory produces drops with Q ~ 50 pC. Here, we show that such modest…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-10-14 Marcus Lin , Peng Zhang , Aaron D. Ratschow , Oscar Li , Sankara Arunachalam , Dan Daniel

Drops impacting on a surface are ubiquitous in our everyday experience. This impact is understood within a commonly accepted hydrodynamic picture: it is initiated by a rapid shock and a subsequent ejection of a sheet leading to beautiful…

This experimental, numerical, and theoretical study investigates the capillary thinning and breakup of Newtonian filaments formed following the coalescence of a millimetric-nozzle-generated pendant drop with a lower droplet cap contained in…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-05-12 Ricardo El Khoury , Kindness Isukwem , Elie Hachem , Anselmo Pereira

Soap bubbles are thin liquid films enclosing a fixed volume of air. Since the surface tension is typically assumed to be the only responsible for conforming the soap bubble shape, the realized bubble surfaces are always minimal area ones.…

Classical Physics · Physics 2015-10-16 Deison Preve , Alberto Saa

Motivated by recent experiments on biomimetic membranes exposed to several aqueous phases, we theoretically study the morphology of a membrane in contact with a liquid droplet formed via aqueous phase separation. We concentrate on membranes…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2012-02-07 Halim Kusumaatmaja , Reinhard Lipowsky

Soap bubbles can be easily generated by varies methods, while their formation process is complicated and still worth study. A model about the bubble formation process was proposed in Phys. Rev. Lett. 116, 077801 recently, and it was…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2018-01-17 M. L. Zhou , M. Li , Z. Y. Chen , J. F. Han , D. Liu

Aerobreakup of fluid droplets under the influence of impulsively generated high-speed gas flow using an open-ended shock tube is studied using experiments and numerical simulations. Breakup of mm-sized droplets at high Weber number was…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2022-06-24 James Leung , Mohana Gurunadhan , Shyam Menon