Related papers: Q-balls with scalar charges
The (2 + 1)-dimensional gauge model describing two complex scalar fields that interact through a common Abelian gauge field is considered. It is shown that the model has a soliton solution that describes a system consisting of a vortex and…
We study charge-swapping Q-balls, a kind of composite Q-ball where positive and negative charges co-exist and swap with time, in models with a logarithmic potential that arises naturally in supersymmetric extensions of the Standard Model.…
We show the existence of new stable ring-like localized scalar field configurations whose stability is due to a combination of topological and nontopological charges. In that sense these defects may be called semitopological. These rings…
Complex scalars in U(1)-symmetric potentials can form stable Q-balls, non-topological solitons that correspond to spherical bound-state solutions. If the U(1) charge of the Q-ball is large enough, it can support a tower of unstable radial…
We investigate spherically symmetric non topological solitons in electrodynamics with a scalar field self interaction U ~|\psi| taken from the complex signum-Gordon model. We find Q-balls for small absolute values of the total electric…
We discuss Q-balls in the complex signum-Gordon model in d-dimensional space for d=1,2,3. The Q-balls have strictly finite radius. Their total energy is a power-like function of the conserved U(1) charge with the exponent equal to…
This paper concerns hylomorphic solitons, namely stable, solitary waves whose existence is related to the ratio energy/charge. In theoretical physics, the name Q-ball refers to a type of hylomorphic solitons or soli- tary waves relative to…
We investigate the properties of $Q$-balls in $d$ spatial dimensions. First, a generalized virial relation for these objects is obtained. We then focus on potentials $V(\phi\phi^{\dagger})= \sum_{n=1}^{3} a_n(\phi\phi^{\dagger})^n$, where…
Future experiments may discover new scalar particles with global charges and couplings that allow for solitonic states. If the effective potential has flat directions, the scalar VEV inside a large Q-ball can exceed the particle mass by…
We analyse the evolution of light Q-balls in a cosmological background, and find a number of interesting features. For Q-balls formed with a size comparable to the Hubble radius, we demonstrate that there is no charge radiation, and that…
Q-balls generically exist in the supersymmetric extensions of the standard model. Taking into account the additional sources of CP violation, which are naturally accomodated by the supersymmetric models, it is shown that the Q-ball matter…
We numerically study the Q-ball formation triggered by a cosmological first-order phase transition within the Friedberg-Lee-Sirlin model. By performing lattice simulations, we track the nonequilibrium dynamics throughout the transition,…
We investigate Q-balls in a 1+1 dimensional complex scalar field theory. We find that the relaxation of a squashed Q-ball is dominated by the decay of a normal mode through nonlinear coupling to scattering modes and a long-lasting…
Stable non-topological solitons, Q-balls, are studied using analytical and numerical methods. Three different physically interesting potentials that support Q-ball solutions are considered: two typical polynomial potentials and a…
Q-balls are non-topological solitons in a large family of field theories. We focus on the existence of $U(1)$ gauged Q-balls for a field theory with sixth-order potential. The problem can be reduced to proving the existence of critical…
We discuss the $U(1)$ gauged Q-balls with $N$-power potential to examine their properties analytically. More numerical descriptions and some analytical consideration have been contributed to the models governed by four-power potential. We…
In the system of a gravitating Q-ball, there is a maximum charge $Q_{{\rm max}}$ inevitably, while in flat spacetime there is no upper bound on $Q$ in typical models such as the Affleck-Dine model. Theoretically the charge $Q$ is a free…
In this work we deal with nontopological solutions of the Q-ball type in two spacetime dimensions. We study models of current interest, described by a Higgs-like and other, similar potentials which unveil the presence of exact solutions. We…
We present numerical evidence for the existence of spinning generalizations for non-topological Q-ball solitons in the theory of a complex scalar field with a non-renormalizable self-interaction. To the best of our knowledge, this provides…
In this thesis we investigate the stationary properties and formation process of a class of nontopological solitons, namely Q-balls. We explore both the quantum-mechanical and classical stability of Q-balls that appear in polynomial,…