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We propose a two-dimensional interferometry based on electron wave packet interference with a cycle-shaped orthogonally polarized two-color laser field. With such method, sub-cycle and inter-cycle interferences can be disentangled into…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2015-06-04 Xinhua Xie

We investigated the complex index of refraction in the x-ray regime of atoms in laser light. The laser (intensity up to 10^13 W/cm^2, wavelength 800nm) modifies the atomic states but, by assumption, does not excite or ionize the atoms in…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2008-11-18 Christian Buth , Robin Santra

A mechanical beam chopper consists of a rotating disc of regularly spaced wide slits which allow light to pass through them. A continuous light beam, after passing through the rotating disc, is switched-on and switched-off periodically, and…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2018-06-28 Samridhi Gambhir , Mandip Singh

We present a new method for assessing the intrinsic 3D shape of prestellar cores from molecular column densities. We have employed hydrodynamic simulations of contracting, isothermal cores considering three intrinsic geometries: spherical,…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-02-17 A. Tritsis , K. Tassis , K. Willacy

We introduce and experimentally demonstrate a method, where the two intrinsic time scales of a molecule, the slow nuclear motion and the fast electronic motion, are simultaneously measured in a photo-electron photo-ion coincidence…

In this work, we report a confocal laser induced fluorescence (LIF) configuration, which allows for high spatial resolution measurements of plasma properties in plasma setups and sources with a limited optical access. The proposed LIF…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2023-07-26 I. Romadanov , Y. Raitses

We present a novel method for probing the alignment of the molecular axis of an ultracold, nonpolar dimer. These results are obtained using diatomic $^{87}\textrm{Rb}_2$ molecules in the vibrational ground state of the lowest triplet…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2015-01-15 Markus Deiß , Björn Drews , Benjamin Deissler , Johannes Hecker Denschlag

Convergent beam electron diffraction (CBED) performed on two-dimensional (2D) materials recently emerged as a powerful tool to study structural and stacking defects, adsorbates, atomic 3D displacements in the layers, and the interlayer…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2022-01-25 Tatiana Latychevskaia , Sarah Haigh , Kostya Novoselov

We demonstrate a scheme for direct absorption imaging of an ultracold ground-state polar molecular gas near quantum degeneracy. A challenge in imaging molecules is the lack of closed optical cycling transitions. Our technique relies on…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2015-05-18 D. Wang , B. Neyenhuis , M. H. G. de Miranda , K. -K. Ni , S. Ospelkaus , D. S. Jin , J. Ye

X-ray refraction and absorption by neon atoms under the influence of an 800 nm laser with an intensity of 10^13 W/cm^2 is investigated. For this purpose, we use an ab initio theory suitable for optical strong-field problems. Its results are…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2013-03-25 Christian Buth , Robin Santra , Linda Young

The photoelectron momentum shifts along the laser propagation are investigated by the time-dependent perturbation theory for diatomic molecules, such as H$_2^+$, N$_2$ and O$_2$. Such longitudinal momentum shifts characterize the photon…

Optics · Physics 2016-06-08 Di Lao , Pei-Lun He , Feng He

In this work we report ab initio calculations for the $H_2^+$ molecule interacting with ultrashort intense laser pulses. We analyse several observables that can, in principle, be available experimentally, in order to get a deeper…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2017-05-25 R. E. F. Silva

We discuss the influence of periodic orbits on the dissociation of a model diatomic molecule driven by a strong bichromatic laser fields. Through the stability of periodic orbits we analyze the dissociation probability when parameters like…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2009-11-13 S. Huang , C. Chandre , T. Uzer

We demonstrate experimentally a method of varying the degree of directionality in laser-induced molecular rotation. To control the ratio between the number of clockwise and counter-clockwise rotating molecules (with respect to a fixed…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2021-05-05 Alexander A. Milner , Valery Milner

Laser Interference Lithography (LIL) is a versatile fabrication method for patterning sub-micron structures in arrays covering large areas. It is a facile and fast mask-less lithography process to produce large area periodic patterns. The…

Optics · Physics 2014-08-28 A. Alfred Kiruba Raj , D. Jackuline Moni , D. Devaprakasam

The dipole moment is a physical quantity indicating the polarity of a molecule and is determined by reflecting the electrical properties of constituent atoms and the geometric properties of the molecule. Most embeddings used to represent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-28 Yang Jeong Park

Structural defects in 2D-transition metal dichalcogenides are critical in modulating their optical and electrical behavior. Nevertheless, precise defect control within the monolayer regime poses a significant challenge. Herein, a…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-09-30 Anagha Gopinath , Faiha Mujeeb , Subhabrata Dhar , Jyoti Mohanty

Established x-ray diffraction methods allow for high-resolution structure determination of crystals, crystallized protein structures or even single molecules. While these techniques rely on coherent scattering, incoherent processes like…

The ability to resolve the dynamics of matter on its native temporal and spatial scales constitutes a key challenge and convergent theme across chemistry, biology, and materials science. The last couple of decades have witnessed ultrafast…