Related papers: Crowded Charges in Ion Channels
Understanding the molecular and electronic structure of electrolytes at interfaces requires an analysis of the interactions between the electrode surface, the ions, and the solvent environment on equal footing. Here, we tackle this…
Water-in-salt electrolytes (WiSEs) are a class of super-concentrated electrolytes that have shown much promise in replacing organic electrolytes in lithium-ion batteries. At the extremely high salt concentrations of WiSEs, ionic association…
Polymer electrolytes typically exhibit diminished ionic conductivity due to the presence of correlation effects between the cations and anions. Microscopically, transient ionic aggregates, e.g. {\it ion-pairs}, {\it ion-triplets} or higher…
Equations are about more than computing physical quantities or constructing formal models; they are also about understanding. The conceptual systems physicists use to think about nature are made from many different resources, formal and…
Condensed ionic systems are described in the framework of a combined approach that takes into account both long-range and short-range interactions. Short-range interaction is expressed in terms of mean potentials and long-range interaction…
Physical emergence - crystals, rocks, sandpiles, turbulent eddies, planets, stars - is fundamentally different from biological emergence - amoeba, cells, mice, humans - even though the latter is based in the former. This paper points out…
Electrostatic interactions fundamentally govern the structure and transport of electrolytes. In concentrated electrolytes, however, electrostatic and steric correlations, together with ion-solvent coupling, give rise to complex behavior,…
A number of basic scientific questions relating to ion conduction in homogeneously disordered solids are discussed. The questions deal with how to define the mobile ion density, what can be learned from electrode effects, what is the ion…
The origins of life stands among the great open scientific questions of our time. While a number of proposals exist for possible starting points in the pathway from non-living to living matter, these have so far not achieved states of…
A quantized physical framework, called the five-anchor model, is developed for a general understanding of the working mechanism of ion channels. According to the hypotheses of this model, the following two basic physical principles are…
We performed all-atom molecular dynamics simulations studying the partition of ions and the ionic current through the bacterial porin OmpF and two selected mutants. The study is motivated by new interesting experimental findings concerning…
We study ions in a nanotrap, where the electrodes are nanomechanical resonantors. The ions play the role of a quantum optical system which acts as a probe and control, and allows entanglement with or between nanomechanical resonators.
Metal ions play numerous important roles in biological systems being central to the function of biomolecules. In this letter we show that the absorption of X-rays by these ions leads to a complicated chain of ultrafast relaxation steps…
Molecular Dynamics simulations of water molecules in nanometre sized cylindrical channels connecting two reservoirs show that the permeation of water is very sensitive to the channel radius and to electric polarization of the embedding…
Fluid pumping and the generation of electric current by living tissues are required during morphogenetic processes and for maintainance of homeostasis. How these flows emerge from active and passive ion transport in cells has been well…
Studying chemical reactions at very low temperatures is of importance for the understanding of fundamental physical and chemical processes. At very low energies, collisions are dominated by only a few partial waves. Thus, studies in this…
When plotted in linear transformations of the Michaelis-Menten equation, ion uptake in plants has been shown to be multiphasic, i.e. to be represented by a series of straight lines separated by discontinuous transitions (Nissen 1971, 1974,…
Biology is data-rich, and it is equally rich in concepts and hypotheses. Part of trying to understand biological processes and systems is therefore to confront our ideas and hypotheses with data using statistical methods to determine the…
We explore an idealized theoretical model for the transport of ions within highly asymmetric ionic liquid mixtures. A primitive model (PM)-inspired system serves as a representative for asymmetric ionic materials (such as liquid crystalline…
Water dimer $(\text{H}_2\text{O})_2$ -- a vital component of the earth's atmosphere -- is an important prototypical hydrogen-bonded system. It provides direct insight into fundamental chemical and biochemical processes, e.g., proton…