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We consider design of the quantum stabilizer codes via a two-step, low-complexity approach based on the framework of codeword-stabilized (CWS) codes. In this framework, each quantum CWS code can be specified by a graph and a binary code.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-02-23 Alexey A. Kovalev , Ilya Dumer , Leonid P. Pryadko

We formulate a bounded distance decoding strategy applicable to all stabilizer codes including both CSS and non-CSS code-families. The framework emerges out of the local Clifford equivalence between arbitrary stabilizer states and graph…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-29 Harikrishnan K J , Amit Kumar Pal

Recently, Ji et al disproved the LU-LC conjecture and showed that the local unitary and local Clifford equivalence classes of the stabilizer states are not always the same. Despite the fact this settles the LU-LC conjecture, a sufficient…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-08-30 Pradeep Sarvepalli , Robert Raussendorf

We provide a detailed study of the general structure of two-dimensional topological stabilizer quantum error correcting codes, including subsystem codes. Under the sole assumption of translational invariance, we show that all such codes can…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-28 H. Bombin

The non-local interactions in several quantum device architectures allow for the realization of more compact quantum encodings while retaining the same degree of protection against noise. Anticipating that short to medium-length codes will…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-05 Shubham P. Jain , Victor V. Albert

The two-dimensional color code is an alternative to the toric code that encodes more logical qubits while maintaining crucial features of the $\mathbb{Z}_2\times\mathbb{Z}_2$ toric code in the long wavelength limit. However its short range…

With the advent of physical qubits exhibiting strong noise bias, it becomes increasingly relevant to identify which quantum gates can be efficiently implemented on error-correcting codes designed to address a single dominant error type.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-09 Victor Barizien , Hugo Jacinto , Nicolas Sangouard

The postulate of gauge invariance in nature does not lend itself directly to implementations of lattice gauge theories in modern setups of quantum synthetic matter. Unavoidable gauge-breaking errors in such devices require gauge invariance…

We present a modified version of the Bravyi-Terhal bound that applies to quantum codes defined by local parity-check constraints on a $D$-dimensional lattice quotient. Specifically, we consider a quotient $\mathbb{Z}^D/\Lambda$ of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-11 François Arnault , Philippe Gaborit , Wouter Rozendaal , Nicolas Saussay , Gilles Zémor

Given a quantum error correcting code, an important task is to find encoded operations that can be implemented efficiently and fault-tolerantly. In this Letter we focus on topological stabilizer codes and encoded unitary gates that can be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-10-04 Sergey Bravyi , Robert Koenig

Quantum simulation of fermionic systems is a leading application of quantum computers. One promising approach is to represent fermions with qubits via fermion-to-qubit mappings. In this work, we present high-distance fermion-to-qubit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-03 Ruby Wei , Aqua Chung , Luke Coffman , Su-Kuan Chu , Xun Gao

A geometrically local quantum code is an error correcting code situated within $\mathbb{R}^D$, where the checks only act on qubits within a fixed spatial distance. The main question is: What is the optimal dimension and distance for a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-04 Ting-Chun Lin , Adam Wills , Min-Hsiu Hsieh

Executing a logical quantum circuit fault-tolerantly incurs a large spacetime overhead. Recent work has proposed and investigated phantom codes, defined by the property that every in-block logical $\mathrm{CNOT}$ circuit can be implemented…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-17 Arthur S. Morris , Daniel Malz

Two-level quantum systems, qubits, are not the only basis for quantum computation. Advantages exist in using qudits, d-level quantum systems, as the basic carrier of quantum information. We show that color codes, a class of topological…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-08-11 Fern H. E. Watson , Earl T. Campbell , Hussain Anwar , Dan E. Browne

Gauging introduces gauge fields in order to localize an existing global symmetry, resulting in a dual global symmetry on the gauge fields that can be gauged again. By iterating the gauging process on spin chains with Abelian group…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-30 Jose Garre Rubio

In [Phys. Rev. A 58, 1833 (1998)] a family of polynomial invariants which separate the orbits of multi-qubit density operators $\rho$ under the action of the local unitary group was presented. We consider this family of invariants for the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Maarten Van den Nest , Jeroen Dehaene , Bart De Moor

2D compass codes are a family of quantum error-correcting codes that contain the Bacon-Shor codes, the $X$-Shor and $Z$-Shor codes, and the rotated surface codes. Previous numerical results suggest that the surface code has a constant…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-13 Balint Pato , J. Wilson Staples , Kenneth R. Brown

The surface code is a two-dimensional topological code with code parameters that scale optimally with the number of physical qubits, under the constraint of two-dimensional locality. In three spatial dimensions an analogous simple yet…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-19 Dominic J. Williamson , Nouédyn Baspin

Quantum computers will need effective error-correcting codes. Current quantum processors require precise control of each particle, so having fewer particles to control might be beneficial. Although traditionally quantum computers are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-10-25 Arun J. Moorthy , Lane G. Gunderman

In this work we develop a general tensor network decoder for 2D codes. Specifically, we propose a decoder that approximates maximally likelihood decoding for 2D stabiliser and subsystem codes subject to Pauli noise. For a code consisting of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-10-14 Christopher T. Chubb