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While topological phases have been extensively studied in amorphous systems in recent years, it remains unclear whether the random nature of amorphous materials can give rise to higher-order topological phases that have no crystalline…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2023-11-15 Yu-Liang Tao , Jiong-Hao Wang , Yong Xu

A hallmark feature of topologically ordered states of matter is the dependence of ground state degeneracy (GSD) on the topology of the manifold determined by the global shape of the system. Although the topology of a physical system is…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2013-08-09 Andrej Mesaros , Yong Baek Kim , Ying Ran

Topological insulators are new quantum states with helical gapless edge or surface states inside the bulk band gap.These topological surface states are robust against the weak time-reversal invariant perturbations, such as lattice…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2013-08-07 Haijun Zhang , Shou-Cheng Zhang

Topological insulators in three spatial dimensions are known to possess a precise bulk/boundary correspondence, in that there is a one-to-one correspondence between the 5 classes characterized by bulk topological invariants and Dirac…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2015-06-04 Denis Bernard , Eun-Ah Kim , André LeClair

Topological superconductors are exotic phases of matter featuring robust surface states that could be leveraged for topological quantum computation. A useful guiding principle for the search of topological superconductors is to relate the…

Superconductivity · Physics 2020-05-05 Seishiro Ono , Hoi Chun Po , Haruki Watanabe

The major breakthroughs in the understanding of topological materials over the past decade were all triggered by the discovery of the Z$_2$ topological insulator (TI). In three dimensions (3D), the TI is classified as either "strong" or…

Topologically protected gapless edge/surface states are phases of quantum matter which behave as massless Dirac fermions, immunizing against disorders and continuous perturbations. Recently, a new class of topological insulators (TIs) with…

Materials Science · Physics 2020-09-30 Baizhan Xia , Shengjie Zheng , Liang Tong , Junrui Jiao , Guiju Duan , Dejie Yu

The topology of an insulator can be defined even when all eigenstates of the system are localized - an extreme case of Anderson insulators that we call ultra-localized. We derive the classification of such ultra-localized insulators in all…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-02-11 Bastien Lapierre , Luka Trifunovic , Titus Neupert , Piet W. Brouwer

Topological insulators are characterized by insulating bulk and conducting surface, the latter is a necessity consequence of the nontrivial topology of the wavefunctions forming the valence band. This chapter gives a historical overview of…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-07-27 Yoichi Ando

We reconsider the phase diagram of a three-dimensional $\mathbb{Z}_2$ topological insulator in the presence of short-ranged potential disorder with the insight that non-perturbative rare states destabilize the noninteracting Dirac semimetal…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2024-06-28 Yixing Fu , Justin H. Wilson , David A. Huse , J. H. Pixley

Topological insulators in the Bi$_2$Se$_3$ family manifest helical Dirac surface states that span the topologically ordered bulk band gap. Recent scanning tunneling microscopy measurements have discovered additional states in the bulk band…

Materials Science · Physics 2018-08-01 Yishuai Xu , Guodong Jiang , Janet Chiu , Lin Miao , Erica Kotta , Yutan Zhang , Rudro R. Biswas , L. Andrew Wray

The two-dimensional (2D) surface state of the three-dimensional strong topological insulator (STI) is fundamentally distinct from other 2D electron systems in that the Fermi arc encircles an odd number of Dirac points. The TI surface is in…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2013-06-28 Dohun Kim , Paul Syers , Nicholas P. Butch , Johnpierre Paglione , Michael S. Fuhrer

Algebraic and geometric mean density of states in disordered systems may reveal properties of electronic localization. In order to understand the topological phases with disorder in two dimensions, we present the calculated density of…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2013-12-02 Yan-Yang Zhang , Shun-Qing Shen

Two-dimensional topological insulators are characterized by gapped bulk states and gapless helical edge states, i.e. time-reversal symmetric edge states accommodating a pair of counter-propagating electrons. An external magnetic field…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2012-04-02 G. Tkachov , E. M. Hankiewicz

One dimensional laser-written modulated photonic lattices are known to be particularly suitable for diffraction management purposes. Here, we address the connection between discrete non-diffracting states and topological properties in such…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2017-10-10 Matthieu Bellec , Claire Michel , Haisu Zhang , Stelios Tzortzakis , Pierre Delplace

Topological insulators generally have dielectric bulk and conductive surface states. Consequently, some of these materials have been shown to support polaritonic modes at visible and THz frequencies. At the same time, the optical properties…

Materials Science · Physics 2024-02-27 Sergey G. Menabde , Jacob T. Heiden , Vladimir A. Zenin , N. Asger Mortensen , Min Seok Jang

Topological one-dimensional superconductors can sustain in their extremities zero energy modes that are protected by different kinds of symmetries. The observation of these excitations in the form of Majorana fermions is one of the most…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2022-09-07 A. C. P. Lima , R. C. Bento Ribeiro , J. H. Correa , Fernanda Deus , M. S. Figueira , Mucio A. Continentino

We show that boundaries of 3D weak topological insulators can become gapped by strong interactions while preserving all symmetries, leading to Abelian surface topological order. The anomalous nature of the weak topological insulators…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2016-01-26 David F. Mross , Andrew Essin , Jason Alicea , Ady Stern

A two-dimensional spin-directed $\mathbb{Z}^{\,}_{2}$ network model is constructed that describes the combined effects of dimerization and disorder for the surface states of a weak three-dimensional $\mathbb{Z}^{\,}_{2}$ topological…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2014-04-23 Hideaki Obuse , Shinsei Ryu , Akira Furusaki , Christopher Mudry

We consider interface modes in block disordered subwavelength resonator chains in one dimension. Based on the capacitance operator formulation, which provides a first-order approximation of the spectral properties of dimer-type block…

Optics · Physics 2025-11-25 Habib Ammari , Jiayu Qiu , Alexander Uhlmann
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