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The Binary Search Tree (BST) is average in computer science which supports a compact data structure in memory and oneself even conducts a row of quick algorithms, by which people often apply it in dynamical circumstance. Besides these…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-10-05 Yong Tan

We study the random m-ary search tree model (where m stands for the number of branches of a search tree), an important problem for data storage in computer science, using a variety of statistical physics techniques that allow us to obtain…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-10 Satya N. Majumdar , David S. Dean , P. L. Krapivsky

A rooted tree is balanced if the degree of a vertex depends only on its distance to the root. In this paper we determine the sharp threshold for the appearance of a large family of balanced spanning trees in the random geometric graph…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-03-28 Alberto Espuny Díaz , Lyuben Lichev , Dieter Mitsche , Alexandra Wesolek

Weight-balanced trees are a popular form of self-balancing binary search trees. Their popularity is due to desirable guarantees, for example regarding the required work to balance annotated trees. While usual weight-balanced trees perform…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-02-11 Lukas Barth , Dorothea Wagner

We consider the following generalization of the binary search problem. A search strategy is required to locate an unknown target node $t$ in a given tree $T$. Upon querying a node $v$ of the tree, the strategy receives as a reply an…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-02-28 Dariusz Dereniowski , Adrian Kosowski , Przemyslaw Uznanski , Mengchuan Zou

Suppose we have n keys, n access probabilities for the keys, and n+1 access probabilities for the gaps between the keys. Let h_min(n) be the minimal height of a binary search tree for n keys. We consider the problem to construct an optimal…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2010-11-08 Peter Becker

A spanning tree of a network or graph is a subgraph that connects all nodes with the least number or weight of edges. The spanning tree is one of the most straightforward techniques for network simplification and sampling, and for…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Lovro Šubelj

We present a general transformation for combining a constant number of binary search tree data structures (BSTs) into a single BST whose running time is within a constant factor of the minimum of any "well-behaved" bound on the running time…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2013-04-30 Erik D. Demaine , John Iacono , Stefan Langerman , Özgür Özkan

Tree balance plays an important role in different research areas like theoretical computer science and mathematical phylogenetics. For example, it has long been known that under the Yule model, a pure birth process, imbalanced trees are…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2020-12-18 Mareike Fischer

Tree data structures, such as red-black trees, quad trees, treaps, or tries, are fundamental tools in computer science. A classical problem in concurrency is to obtain expressive, efficient, and scalable versions of practical tree data…

Databases · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Ilya Kokorin , Dan Alistarh , Vitaly Aksenov

We introduce exponential search trees as a novel technique for converting static polynomial space search structures for ordered sets into fully-dynamic linear space data structures. This leads to an optimal bound of O(sqrt(log n/loglog n))…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Arne Andersson , Mikkel Thorup

We present a linearizable, non-blocking $k$-ary search tree ($k$-ST) that supports fast searches and range queries. Our algorithm uses single-word compare-and-swap (CAS) operations, and tolerates any number of crash failures. Performance…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2017-12-15 Trevor Brown , Hillel Avni

We investigate relations between different width parameters of graphs, in particular balanced separator number, treewidth, and cycle rank. Our main result states that a graph with balanced separator number k has treewidth at least k but…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2015-03-17 Hermann Gruber

Working with tree graphs is always easier than with loopy ones and spanning trees are the closest tree-like structures to a given graph. We find a correspondence between the solutions of random K-satisfiability problem and those of spanning…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2009-11-11 A. Ramezanpour , S. Moghimi-Araghi

In the context of tree-search stochastic planning algorithms where a generative model is available, we consider on-line planning algorithms building trees in order to recommend an action. We investigate the question of avoiding re-planning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-14 Erwan Lecarpentier , Guillaume Infantes , Charles Lesire , Emmanuel Rachelson

Updating machine learning models with new information usually improves their predictive performance, yet, in many applications, it is also desirable to avoid changing the model predictions too much. This property is called stability. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-22 Morten Blørstad , Berent Å. S. Lunde , Nello Blaser

As data volumes continue to grow rapidly, traditional search algorithms, like the red-black tree and B+ Tree, face increasing challenges in performance, especially in big data scenarios with intensive storage access. This paper presents the…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Songpeng Liu

Binary search trees (BST) are a popular type of data structure when dealing with ordered data. Indeed, they enable one to access and modify data efficiently, with their height corresponding to the worst retrieval time. From a probabilistic…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-01-28 Benoît Corsini , Victor Dubach , Valentin Féray

Although the analysis of rooted tree shape has wide-ranging applications, notions of tree balance have developed independently in different domains. In computer science, a balanced tree is one that enables efficient updating and retrieval…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2025-07-14 Veselin Manojlović , Armaan Ahmed , Yannick Viossat , Robert Noble

We revisit the \textsc{$k$-Secluded Tree} problem. Given a vertex-weighted undirected graph $G$, its objective is to find a maximum-weight induced subtree $T$ whose open neighborhood has size at most $k$. We present a fixed-parameter…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-06-27 Huib Donkers , Bart M. P. Jansen , Jari J. H. de Kroon