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The two-dimensional Brownian loop-soup is a Poissonian random collection of loops in a planar domain with an intensity parameter c. When c is not greater than 1, we show that the outer boundaries of the loop clusters are disjoint simple…

Probability · Mathematics 2011-09-29 Scott Sheffield , Wendelin Werner

We show that if one conditions a cluster in a Brownian loop-soup $L$ (of any intensity) in a two-dimensional domain by a portion $l$ of its outer boundary, then in the remaining domain, the union of all the loops of $L$ that touch $l$…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-11-13 Wei Qian

In this research announcement, we show that SLE curves can in fact be viewed as boundaries of certain simple Poissonian percolation clusters: Recall that the Brownian loop-soup (introduced in the paper arxiv:math.PR/0304419 with Greg…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-07-18 Wendelin Werner

The random walk loop soup is a Poissonian ensemble of lattice loops; it has been extensively studied because of its connections to the discrete Gaussian free field, but was originally introduced by Lawler and Trujillo Ferreras as a discrete…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-09-19 Tim van de Brug , Federico Camia , Marcin Lis

The main topic of these lecture notes is the continuum scaling limit of planar lattice models. One reason why this topic occupies an important place in the theory of probability and mathematical statistical physics is that scaling limits…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-02-12 Federico Camia

We characterize and describe all random subsets $K$ of a given simply connected planar domain (the upper half-plane $\H$, say) which satisfy the ``conformal restriction'' property, i.e., $K$ connects two fixed boundary points (0 and…

Probability · Mathematics 2008-11-26 Gregory Lawler , Oded Schramm , Wendelin Werner

We define a large new class of conformal primary operators in the ensemble of Brownian loops in two dimensions known as the ``Brownian loop soup,'' and compute their correlation functions analytically and in closed form. The loop soup is a…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2020-07-07 Valentino F. Foit , Matthew Kleban

We study Brownian loop soup clusters in $\mathbb{R}^3$ for an arbitrary intensity $\alpha>0$. We show the existence of a phase transition for the presence of unbounded clusters and study its basic properties. In particular, we show that,…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-01-29 Antoine Jego , Titus Lupu

Many mathematical models of statistical physics in two dimensions are either known or conjectured to exhibit conformal invariance. Over the years, physicists proposed predictions of various exponents describing the behavior of these models.…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Oded Schramm

We define and study a set of operators that compute statistical properties of the Brownian Loop Soup, a conformally invariant gas of random Brownian loops (Brownian paths constrained to begin and end at the same point) in two dimensions. We…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2016-01-20 Federico Camia , Alberto Gandolfi , Matthew Kleban

We study the structure of Brownian loop-soup clusters in two dimensions. Among other things, we obtain the following decomposition of the clusters with critical intensity: When one conditions a loop-soup cluster by its outer boundary…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-02-14 Wei Qian , Wendelin Werner

There is an essentially unique way to associate to any Riemann surface a measure on its simple loops, such that the collection of measures satisfy a strong conformal invariance property. Wendelin Werner constructed these random simple loops…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-08-16 Stéphane Benoist , Julien Dubédat

We construct an application, which takes as input a simple path and a possibly infinite collection of loops, and outputs a continuous path by adding the loops chronologically to the simple path as the simple path encounters them. By…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-02-05 Nathanaël Berestycki , Isao Sauzedde

Conformal loop ensembles are random collections of loops in a simply connected domain, whose laws are characterized by a natural conformal invariance property. The set of points not surrounded by any CLE loop is a natural random and…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-10-10 Jason Miller , Scott Sheffield , Wendelin Werner

We show that the scaling limit of the random walk loop soup on suitable planar graphs is the Brownian loop soup, under a topology on multisets of unrooted, unparameterized, and macroscopic loops. The result holds assuming only convergence…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-03-16 Yihao Pang

We construct and study the conformal loop ensembles CLE(kappa), defined for all kappa between 8/3 and 8, using branching variants of SLE(kappa) called exploration trees. The conformal loop ensembles are random collections of countably many…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Scott Sheffield

The Brownian loop soup introduced in Lawler and Werner (2004) is a Poissonian realization from a sigma-finite measure on unrooted loops. This measure satisfies both conformal invariance and a restriction property. In this paper, we define a…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Gregory F. Lawler , José A. Trujillo Ferreras

We postulate the existence of a natural Poissonian marking of the double (touching) points of SLE(6) and hence of the related continuum nonsimple loop process that describes macroscopic cluster boundaries in 2D critical percolation. We…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 F. Camia , L. R. G. Fontes , C. M. Newman

We derive an intensity doubling feature of critical Brownian loop-soups on the cable-graphs of ${\mathbb Z}^d$ for $d \ge 7$ that can be described as follows: In the box $[-N, N]^d$ (and with a probability that goes to $1$ as $N$ goes to…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-03-20 Titus Lupu , Wendelin Werner

We study Conformal Loop Ensemble (CLE$_{\kappa}$) in doubly connected domains: annuli, the punctured disc, and the punctured plane. We restrict attention to CLE$_{\kappa}$ for which the loops are simple, i.e. $\kappa\in (8/3,4]$. In the…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-11-06 Scott Sheffield , Samuel S. Watson , Hao Wu
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