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In this paper, we study the linear independence between the distribution of the number of prime factors of integers and that of the largest prime factors of integers. Respectively, under a restriction on the largest prime factors of…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2023-03-13 Biao Wang , Zhining Wei , Pan Yan , Shaoyun Yi

We establish an Ergodic Theorem for lower probabilities, a generalization of standard probabilities widely used in applications. As a by-product, we provide a version for lower probabilities of the Strong Law of Large Numbers.

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2015-08-07 Simone Cerreia-Vioglio , Fabio Maccheroni , Massimo Marinacci

Limit theorems of strong law of large numbers and central limit theorem types are obtained for the compositions of independent identically distributed random unitary channels.

Probability · Mathematics 2026-01-06 S. V. Dzhenzher , V. Zh. Sakbaev

Let $(X_k)_{k\geq 1}$ and $(Y_k)_{k\geq 1}$ be two independent sequences of i.i.d. random variables, with values in a finite and totally ordered alphabet $\mathcal{A}_m:=\{1,\dots,m\}$, and having respective probability mass function…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-04-13 Clément Deslandes , Christian Houdré

TThe problem is to identify a probability associated with a set of natural numbers, given an infinite data sequence of elements from the set. If the given sequence is drawn i.i.d. and the probability mass function involved (the target)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-07-14 Paul M. B. Vitanyi , Nick Chater

Laws of large numbers establish asymptotic guarantees for recovering features of a probability distribution using independent samples. We introduce a framework for proving analogous results for recovery of the $\sigma$-field of a…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-05-14 Daniel Raban

We establish a strong law of large numbers under intermediate trimming for a particular example of Birkhoff sums of a non-integrable observable over the doubling map. It has been shown in a previous work by Haynes that there is no strong…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2018-10-09 Tanja Schindler

In many complex systems, large events are believed to follow power-law, scale-free probability distributions, so that the extreme, catastrophic events are unpredictable. Here, we study coupled chaotic oscillators that display extreme…

We introduce and analyze $d$ dimensional Coulomb gases with random charge distribution and general external confining potential. We show that these gases satisfy a large deviations principle. The analysis of the minima of the rate function…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-06-18 Luis Carlos Garcia del Molino , Khashayar Pakdaman , Jonathan Touboul

A general class of non-Markov, supercritical Gaussian branching particle systems is introduced and its long-time asymptotics is studied. Both weak and strong laws of large numbers are developed with the limit object being characterized in…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-07-30 Michael A. Kouritzin , Khoa Lê , Deniz Sezer

The new interpretation of Quantum Mechanics is based on a complex probability theory. An interpretation postulate specifies events which can be observed and it follows that the complex probability of such event is, in fact, a real positive…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Jiri Soucek

The Glivenko--Cantelli theorem is a uniform version of the strong law of large numbers. It states that for every IID sequence of random variables, the empirical measure converges to the underlying distribution (in the sense of uniform…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-05-13 Tobias Fritz , Tomáš Gonda , Antonio Lorenzin , Paolo Perrone , Areeb Shah Mohammed

The consideration of nonstandard models of the real numbers and the definition of a qualitative ordering on those models provides a generalization of the principle of maximization of expected utility. It enables the decider to assign…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Daniel Lehmann

We establish a strong law of large numbers for one-dimensional continuous-time random walks in dynamic random environments under two main assumptions: the environment is required to satisfy a decoupling inequality that can be interpreted as…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-11-22 Weberson S. Arcanjo , Rangel Baldasso , Marcelo R. Hilário , Renato S. dos Santos

Consider an urn model whose replacement matrix is triangular, has all entries nonnegative and the row sums are all equal to one. We obtain the strong laws for the counts of balls corresponding to each color. The scalings for these laws…

Probability · Mathematics 2010-09-27 Arup Bose , Amites Dasgupta , Krishanu Maulik

Given $n$ samples of a regular discrete distribution $\pi$, we prove in this article first a serial of SLLNs results (of Dvoretzky and Erd\"{o}s' type) which implies a typical power law when $\pi$ is heavy-tailed. Constructing a (random)…

Probability · Mathematics 2013-12-12 Xin-Xing Chen , Jian-Sheng Xie , Jiangang Ying

This paper develops new limit theory for data that are generated by networks or more generally display cross-sectional dependence structures that are governed by observable and unobservable characteristics. Strategic network formation…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-08-08 Guido M. Kuersteiner

In his 1996 paper, Talagrand highlighted that the Law of Large Numbers (LLN) for independent random variables can be viewed as a geometric property of multidimensional product spaces. This phenomenon is known as the concentration of…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-01-24 Haim Bar , Vladimir Pozdnyakov

For nonstationary, strongly mixing sequences of random variables taking their values in a finite-dimensional Euclidean space, with the partial sums being normalized via matrix multiplication, with certain standard conditions being met, the…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-09-07 Richard C. Bradley , Zbigniew J. Jurek

We prove that the spectral radius of an i.i.d.\ random walk on $\GL_d(\C)$ satisfies a strong law of large numbers under finite second moment assumption and a weak law of large numbers under finite first moment. No irreducibility assumption…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2021-01-12 Richard Aoun , Cagri Sert