Related papers: The Lambek-Grishin calculus is NP-complete
A new integrable discrete system is constructed and studied, based on the algebraization of the difference operator. The model is named the discrete generalized nonlinear Schrodinger (GNLS) equation for which can be reduced to classical…
We introduce QUEENS, a derivative chess problem based on the classical n-queens problem. We prove that QUEENS is NP-complete, with respect to polynomial-time reductions.
After examining the {\bf P} versus {\bf NP} problem against the Kleene-Rosser paradox of the $\lambda$-calculus [94], it was found that it represents a counter-example to NP-completeness. We prove that it contradicts the proof of Cook's…
This paper develops a discontinuous Galerkin (DG) finite element differential calculus theory for approximating weak derivatives of Sobolev functions and piecewise Sobolev functions. By introducing numerical one-sided derivatives as…
We introduce the totally nonnegative Lagrangian Grassmannian $\rm{LG}_{\geq 0}^R (n,2n)$, a new subset of the totally nonnegative Grassmannian consisting of subspaces isotropic with respect to a certain bilinear form $R$. We describe its…
We analyze the complexity of decision problems for Boolean Nonassociative Lambek Calculus admitting empty antecedent of sequents ($\mathsf{BFNL^*}$), and the consequence relation of Distributive Full Nonassociative Lambek Calculus…
Filinski constructed a symmetric lambda-calculus consisting of expressions and continuations which are symmetric, and functions which have duality. In his calculus, functions can be encoded to expressions and continuations using primitive…
We consider a class of fully nonlinear second order elliptic equations on Hermitian manifolds closely related to the general notion of $\bfG$-plurisubharmonicity of Harvey-Lawson and an equation treated by Sz\'ekelyhidi-Tosatti-Weinkove in…
Let G be a finitely generated linear group over a field of characteristic 0. Suppose that every solvable subgroup of G is polycyclic. Then the claim is made that any solvable subgroup of G is separable. This is proven for G=SL_n(Z).…
In this paper, a fully implicit Crank-Nicolson discontinuous Galerkin method is proposed for solving the Ginzburg-Landau equation. By leveraging a novel analytical technique, we rigorously establish the unique solvability of the constructed…
In this paper, linear bases for the partially commutative Lie algebras are found. The method of the Gr\"{o}bner--Shirshov bases is used. It easily follows from the structure that the equality problem is algorithmically solvable for the…
In an attempt to look for the root of nonstandard Lagrangians in the theories of the inverse variational problem we introduce a logarithmic Lagrangian (LL) in addition to the so-called reciprocal Lagrangian (RL) that exists in the…
We address two sets of long-standing open questions in probability theory, from a computational complexity perspective: divisibility of stochastic maps, and divisibility and decomposability of probability distributions. We prove that finite…
$N$-derivation is the natural generalization of derivation and triple derivation. Let ${\cal L}$ be a finitely generated Lie algebra graded by a finite dimensional Cartan subalgebra. In this paper, a sufficient condition for Lie…
A graph $G$ is {\em matching-decyclable} if it has a matching $M$ such that $G-M$ is acyclic. Deciding whether $G$ is matching-decyclable is an NP-complete problem even if $G$ is 2-connected, planar, and subcubic. In this work we present…
We relate the graph isomorphism problem to the solvability of certain systems of linear equations with nonnegative variables. This version replaces the two previous versions of this paper.
We investigate the computational complexity of admissibility of inference rules in infinite-valued {\L}ukasiewicz propositional logic (\L). It was shown in [13] that admissibility in {\L} is checkable in PSPACE. We establish that this…
We investigate structural and rigidity properties of \emph{Lie skew braces} (LSBs), objects essentially known in the literature as \emph{post--Lie groups}, obtained by endowing a manifold with two compatible group laws that share the same…
We prove the compatibility at places dividing l of the local and global Langlands correspondences for the l-adic Galois representations associated to regular algebraic essentially (conjugate) self-dual cuspidal automorphic representations…
We use a recently found method to characterise all the invertible fourth-order difference equations linear in the extremal values based on the existence of a discrete Lagrangian. We also give some result on the integrability properties of…