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Most machine learning classifiers, including deep neural networks, are vulnerable to adversarial examples. Such inputs are typically generated by adding small but purposeful modifications that lead to incorrect outputs while imperceptible…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-09-28 Beilun Wang , Ji Gao , Yanjun Qi

In this thesis the variational optimisation of the density matrix is discussed as a method in many-body quantum mechanics. This is a relatively unknown technique in which one tries to obtain the two-particle reduced density matrix directly…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-03-27 Brecht Verstichel

A notion of implicit difference equation on a Lie groupoid is introduced and an algorithm for extracting the integrable part (backward or/and forward) is formulated. As an application, we prove that discrete Lagrangian dynamics on a Lie…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2011-04-04 D. Iglesias , J. C. Marrero , D. Martin de Diego , E. Padron

Counterfactual explanations describe how to modify a feature vector in order to flip the outcome of a trained classifier. Obtaining robust counterfactual explanations is essential to provide valid algorithmic recourse and meaningful…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-22 Alexandre Forel , Axel Parmentier , Thibaut Vidal

Machine learning based decision making systems applied in safety critical areas require reliable high certainty predictions. For this purpose, the system can be extended by an reject option which allows the system to reject inputs where…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-06 André Artelt , Barbara Hammer

Dynamical low-rank approximation, as has been demonstrated recently, can be extremely efficient in solving kinetic equations. However, a major deficiency is that they do not preserve the structure of the underlying physical problem. For…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-04-26 Lukas Einkemmer , Alexander Ostermann , Carmen Scalone

We use complexity theory to rigorously investigate the difficulty of classically simulating evolution under many-body localized (MBL) Hamiltonians. Using the defining feature that MBL systems have a complete set of quasilocal integrals of…

The nonlocal realistic theory might be the last cornerstone of classical physics confronting to the quantum theory, which was found mostly untenable in the bipartite system [Nature 446, 871 (2007)]. We extend the Leggett-type nonlocal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-10 Abdul Sattar Khan , Ma-Cheng Yang , Cong-Feng Qiao

In this paper, we develop variational integrators for the nonequilibrium thermodynamics of simple closed systems. These integrators are obtained by a discretization of the Lagrangian variational formulation of nonequilibrium thermodynamics…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2018-04-04 François Gay-Balmaz , H. Yoshimura

We study a mathematical model for deformation of glued elastic bodies in 2D or 3D, which is a linear elasticity system with adhesive force on the glued surface. We reveal a variational structure of the model and prove the unique existence…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-12-20 Masato Kimura , Atsushi Suzuki

A nonholonomic system is a mechanical system with velocity constraints not originating from position constraints; rolling without slipping is the typical example. A nonholonomic integrator is a numerical method specifically designed for…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-11-28 Klas Modin , Olivier Verdier

Many decision making systems deployed in the real world are not static - a phenomenon known as model adaptation takes place over time. The need for transparency and interpretability of AI-based decision models is widely accepted and thus…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-08 André Artelt , Fabian Hinder , Valerie Vaquet , Robert Feldhans , Barbara Hammer

We consider kinetic systems and prove their stability working in weighted spaces in which the systems are symmetric. We prove stability for various explicit and implicit semi-discrete and fully discrete schemes. The applications include…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2017-08-07 F. Patricia Medina , Malgorzata Peszynska

In the first part of this work, we develop a novel scheme for solving nonparametric regression problems. That is the approximation of possibly low regular and noised functions from the knowledge of their approximate values given at some…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-10-27 Asma Ben Saber , Abderrazek Karoui

Quantum mechanics of Hamiltonian (non-dissipative) systems uses Lie algebra and analytic group (Lie group). In order to describe non-Hamiltonian (dissipative) systems in quantum theory we need to use non-Lie algebra and analytic quasigroup…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-09-06 Vasily E. Tarasov

This paper considers the design of non-truthful mechanisms from samples. We identify a parameterized family of mechanisms with strategically simple winner-pays-bid, all-pay, and truthful payment formats. In general (not necessarily…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2019-06-26 Jason Hartline , Samuel Taggart

Structural models that admit multiple reduced forms, such as game-theoretic models with multiple equilibria, pose challenges in practice, especially when parameters are set-identified and the identified set is large. In such cases,…

Econometrics · Economics 2021-01-29 Nathan Canen , Kyungchul Song

The problem of 3-dimensional, convex rigid-body collision over a plane is fully investigated; this includes bodies with sharp corners that is resolved without the need for nonsmooth convex analysis of tangent and normal cones. In…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-03-19 Khoa Tran , Melvin Leok

Marginal structural models are a popular method for estimating causal effects in the presence of time-varying exposures. In spite of their popularity, no scalable non-parametric estimator exist for marginal structural models with…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-09-30 Axel Martin , Michele Santacatterina , Iván Díaz

A Lie system is a system of differential equations admitting a superposition rule, i.e., a function describing its general solution in terms of any generic set of particular solutions and some constants. Following ideas going back to the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-03-03 J. F. Cariñena , J. Grabowski , J. de Lucas , C. Sardón