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The ionization and thermal state of the intergalactic medium (IGM) during the epoch of reionization has been of interest in recent times because of their close connection to the first stars. We present in this paper a semi-numerical code…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-01-26 Barun Maity , Tirthankar Roy Choudhury

Using high redshift radio sources as background, the 21cm forest observations probe the neutral hydrogen absorption signatures of early structures along the lines of sight. Directly sensitive to the spin temperature, it complements the 21cm…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-18 Yidong Xu , Xuelei Chen , Zuhui Fan , Hy Trac , Renyue Cen

The absorption by neutral hydrogen in the intergalactic medium (IGM) produces the Ly$\alpha$ forest in the spectra of quasars. The Ly$\alpha$ forest absorbers have a broad distribution of neutral hydrogen column density $N_{\rm HI}$ and…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-04-05 Li Yang , Zheng Zheng , T. -S. Kim

QSO near-zones are an important probe of the the ionization state of the IGM at z ~ 6-7, at the end of reionization. We present here high-resolution cosmological 3D radiative transfer simulations of QSO environments for a wide range of host…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-24 Laura C. Keating , Martin G. Haehnelt , Sebastiano Cantalupo , Ewald Puchwein

The thermal history of the intergalactic medium (IGM) after reionization is to a large extent determined by photoheating. Here we demonstrate that calculations of the photoheating rate which neglect radiative transfer effects substantially…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-26 Tom Abel , Martin G. Haehnelt

Unveiling the thermal history of the intergalactic medium (IGM) at $4 \leq z \leq 5$ holds the potential to reveal early onset HeII reionization or lingering thermal fluctuations from HI reionization. We set out to reconstruct the IGM gas…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-04-10 Fahad Nasir , Prakash Gaikwad , Frederick B. Davies , James S. Bolton , Ewald Puchwein , Sarah E. I. Bosman

We present a new method to infer parameters of the temperature-density relation in the intergalactic medium in the post-reionization epoch at $z\sim 2-4$. This method is based on the analysis of the Ly$\alpha$ absorbers distribution over…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-12-24 K. N. Telikova , P. S. Shternin , S. A. Balashev

We use the recent detection of He II absorption at $z=2.2-2.6$ in the line of sight of the quasar HS1700+64 to put bounds on the sources of ionization. We find that given the uncertainty in $\tauhgp$ and the model of absorption in the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-24 Shiv K. Sethi , Biman B. Nath

The history of the transition from a neutral intergalactic medium (IGM) to one that is almost fully ionized can reveal the character of cosmological ionizing sources. We study the evolution of the volume filling factor of HII and HeIII…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-30 Piero Madau , Francesco Haardt , Martin J. Rees

Given that the reionization history of cosmic hydrogen is yet to be stringently constrained, it is worth checking the prospects of doing so using physically motivated models and available observational data. For this purpose, we use an…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-07-04 Barun Maity , Tirthankar Roy Choudhury

We present a Monte-Carlo model of He II reionization by QSOs and its effect on the thermal state of the clumpy intergalactic medium (IGM). The model assumes that patchy reionization develops as a result of the discrete distribution of QSOs.…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Liron Gleser , Adi Nusser , Andrew J. Benson , Hiroshi Ohno , Naoshi Sugiyama

Recently, models of the quasar luminosity function (QLF) rooted on large observational compilations have been produced that, unlike their predecessors, feature a smooth evolution with time. This bypasses the need to assume an ionizing…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-06-13 Arghyadeep Basu , Enrico Garaldi , Benedetta Ciardi

Ionization balance in the intergalactic medium (IGM) is central to the interpretation of quasar absorption spectra, linking observed ionic columns to the underlying gas density, temperature, metallicity, and ionizing radiation field.…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-17 Bhaskar Arya , Kartick C. Sarkar , Shiv K. Sethi

Cosmological simulations show that, at the present time, a substantial fraction of the gas in the intergalactic medium (IGM) has been shock-heated to T>10^5 K. Here we develop an analytic model to describe the fraction of shocked,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Steven Furlanetto , Abraham Loeb

We study the inhomogeneous reionization in a critical density CDM universe due to stellar sources, including Population III objects. The spatial distribution of the sources is obtained from high resolution numerical N-body simulations. We…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 B. Ciardi , A. Ferrara , F. Governato , A. Jenkins

This thesis investigates the Epoch of Cosmic Reionization (EoR), a key period in the early Universe when the first luminous sources formed and their radiation transformed the intergalactic medium (IGM) from neutral to ionized. Understanding…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-10-28 Arghyadeep Basu

Recent multi-wavelength observations by JWST and ALMA are unveiling both ionized and neutral ISM components in high-redshift ($z>6$) galaxies. In this work, we investigate the origin of rest-frame far-infrared [OIII]88 $\mu$m and [CII]158…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-12-19 Yurina Nakazato , Kazuyuki Sugimura , Akio K. Inoue , Massimo Ricotti

We use a combination of analytic and numerical arguments to consider the impact of quasar photo-heating during HeII reionisation on the thermal evolution of the intergalactic medium (IGM). We demonstrate that rapid (\Delta z< 0.1-0.2),…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 James S. Bolton , S. Peng Oh , Steven R. Furlanetto

We study the absorption along lines of sight toward high-z radio sources caused by the 21 cm transition of neutral hydrogen in the intergalactic medium (IGM) before reionization. Using semi-analytic methods, we compute the number density of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Steven Furlanetto , Abraham Loeb

The high-redshift intergalactic medium (IGM) and the primeval galaxy population are rapidly becoming the new frontier of extra-galactic astronomy. We investigate the IGM properties and their connection to galaxies at $z\geq5.5$ under…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-02-23 Enrico Garaldi , Rahul Kannan , Aaron Smith , Volker Springel , Rüdiger Pakmor , Mark Vogelsberger , Lars Hernquist