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In order to detect the rare astrophysical events that generate gravitational wave (GW) radiation, sufficient stability is required for GW antennas to allow long-term observation. In practice, seismic excitation is one of the most common…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 S. Sato , S. Miyoki , S. Telada , D. Tatsumi , A. Araya , M. Ohashi , Y. Totsuka , M. Fukushima , M. -K. Fujimoto

Recently, the configuration using atomic interferometers (AIs) had been suggested for the detection of gravitational waves. A new AI with some additional laser pulses for implementing large momentum transfer was also put forward, in order…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-10-20 Biao Tang , Baocheng Zhang , Lin Zhou , Jin Wang , Mingsheng Zhan

In this article, which will appear as a chapter in the Handbook of Gravitational Wave Astronomy, we will describe the detection of gravitational waves with space-based interferometric gravitational wave observatories. We will provide an…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-01-27 Jonathan R Gair , Martin Hewitson , Antoine Petiteau , Guido Mueller

Atom interferometers are powerful tools for both measurements in fundamental physics and inertial sensing applications. Their performance, however, has been limited by the available interrogation time of freely falling atoms in a…

Localizing sources on the sky is crucial for realizing the full potential of gravitational waves for astronomy, astrophysics, and cosmology. We show that the mid-frequency band, roughly 0.03 to 10 Hz, has significant potential for angular…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-02-07 Peter W. Graham , Sunghoon Jung

We present a single-source dual atom interferometer and utilize it as a gradiometer for precise gravitational measurements. The macroscopic separation between interfering atomic wave packets (as large as 16 cm) reveals the interplay of…

We study the possibility of detecting gravitational-waves with matter-wave interferometers, where atom beams are split, deflected and recombined totally by standing light waves. Our calculation shows that the phase shift is dominated by…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-06-02 Dongfeng Gao , Peng Ju , Baocheng Zhang , Mingsheng Zhan

We demonstrate an atom interferometer measurement protocol compatible with operation on a dynamic platform. Our method employs two open interferometers, derived from the same atomic source, with different interrogation times to eliminate…

Gravitational Waves (GWs) have been detected in the $\sim$100 Hz and nHz bands, but most of the gravitational spectrum remains unobserved. A variety of detector concepts have been proposed to expand the range of observable frequencies. In…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-05-03 Sebastian Baum , Zachary Bogorad , Peter W. Graham

We present an underground long baseline atom interferometer to study gravity at large scale. The hybrid atom-laser antenna will use several atom interferometers simultaneously interrogated by the resonant mode of an optical cavity. The…

Atomic sensors using light-matter interactions, in particular atomic clocks and atom interferometers, have the potential to complement optical gravitational-wave detectors in the mid-frequency regime. Although both rely on interference, the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-18 Simon Schaffrath , Daniel Störk , Fabio Di Pumpo , Enno Giese

Unlike ground-based interferometric gravitational wave detectors, large space-based systems will not be rigid structures. When the end-stations of the laser interferometer are freely flying spacecraft, the armlengths will change due to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-07 Shane L. Larson , Ronald W. Hellings , William A. Hiscock

A laser interferometric detector of gravitational waves is studied and a complete solution (to first order in the metric perturbation) of the coupled Einstein-Maxwell equations with appropriate boundary conditions for the light beams is…

Astrophysics · Physics 2010-04-06 F. I. Cooperstock , V. Faraoni

One of the atom interferometer gravitational wave missions proposed by Dimopoulos et al.1 in 2008 was called AGIS-Sat. 2. It had a suggested gravitational wave sensitivity set by the atom state detection shot noise level that started at 1…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-28 Peter L. Bender

Space-based gravitational wave detectors, such as the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA), use picometer-precision laser interferometry to detect gravitational waves at frequencies from 1 Hz down to below 0.1 mHz. Laser…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2025-02-04 Marcel Beck , Shreevathsa Chalathadka Subrahmanya , Oliver Gerberding

The gravitational wave detector of higher sensitivity and greater bandwidth in kilohertz window is required for future gravitational wave astronomy and cosmology. Here we present a new type broadband high frequency laser interferometer…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2021-07-15 Meng-Jun Hu , Shuai Zha , Yong-Sheng Zhang

Laser frequency stabilization is notably one of the major challenges on the way to a space-borne gravitational wave observatory. The proposed Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) is presently under development in an ESA, NASA…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-25 Markus Herz

Interferometers with kilometer-scale arms have been built for gravitational-wave detections on the ground; ones with much longer arms are being planned for space-based detection. One fundamental motivation for long baseline interferometry…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-07-06 Kentaro Somiya , Keisuke Goda , Yanbei Chen , Eugeniy E. Mikhailov

The existing high technology laser-beam detectors of gravitational waves may find very useful applications in an unexpected area - geophysics. To make possible the detection of weak gravitational waves in the region of high frequencies of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-11-17 L. P. Grishchuk , V. V. Kulagin , V. N. Rudenko , A. Serdobolski

Space-based gravitational wave detection is based on the astrodynamical equations derived from gravitational theory to detect changes in distance between spacecraft/celestial bodies and/or their state changes caused by gravitational waves.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-09-04 Wei-Tou Ni