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Carousel interfaces have been the de-facto standard for streaming media services for over a decade. Yet, there has been very little research into user behavior with such interfaces, which thus remains poorly understood. Due to this lack of…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Jingwei Kang , Maarten de Rijke , Harrie Oosterhuis

Getting a better understanding of user behavior is important for advancing information retrieval systems. Existing work focuses on modeling and predicting single interaction events, such as clicks. In this paper, we for the first time focus…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2018-05-10 Alexey Borisov , Martijn Wardenaar , Ilya Markov , Maarten de Rijke

With the rapid growth of user historical behavior data, user interest modeling has become a prominent aspect in Click-Through Rate (CTR) prediction, focusing on learning user intent representations. However, this complexity poses…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-09 Xin Song , Xiaochen Li , Jinxin Hu , Hong Wen , Zulong Chen , Yu Zhang , Xiaoyi Zeng , Jing Zhang

Recent advances in unbiased learning to rank (LTR) count on Inverse Propensity Scoring (IPS) to eliminate bias in implicit feedback. Though theoretically sound in correcting the bias introduced by treating clicked documents as relevant, IPS…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-11-16 Nan Wang , Zhen Qin , Xuanhui Wang , Hongning Wang

Traditional machine-learned ranking systems for web search are often trained to capture stationary relevance of documents to queries, which has limited ability to track non-stationary user intention in a timely manner. In recency search,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2011-03-22 Taesup Moon , Wei Chu , Lihong Li , Zhaohui Zheng , Yi Chang

Personalized news recommendation aims to provide attractive articles for readers by predicting their likelihood of clicking on a certain article. To accurately predict this probability, plenty of studies have been proposed that actively…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-12-30 Sungmin Cho , Hongjun Lim , Keunchan Park , Sungjoo Yoo , Eunhyeok Park

A well-known problem when learning from user clicks are inherent biases prevalent in the data, such as position or trust bias. Click models are a common method for extracting information from user clicks, such as document relevance in web…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Romain Deffayet , Philipp Hager , Jean-Michel Renders , Maarten de Rijke

Implicit feedback data, such as user clicks, is commonly used in learning-to-rank (LTR) systems because it is easy to collect and it often reflects user preferences. However, this data is prone to various biases, and training an LTR…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Md Aminul Islam , Kathryn Vasilaky , Elena Zheleva

Advertising click-through rate (CTR) prediction aims to forecast the probability that a user will click on an advertisement in a given context, thus providing enterprises with decision support for product ranking and ad placement. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Xiaowei Xi , Song Leng , Yuqing Gong , Dalin Li

Extracting query-document relevance from the sparse, biased clickthrough log is among the most fundamental tasks in the web search system. Prior art mainly learns a relevance judgment model with semantic features of the query and document…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-08-17 Lixin Zou , Changying Hao , Hengyi Cai , Suqi Cheng , Shuaiqiang Wang , Wenwen Ye , Zhicong Cheng , Simiu Gu , Dawei Yin

The search engine plays a fundamental role in online e-commerce systems, to help users find the products they want from the massive product collections. Relevance is an essential requirement for e-commerce search, since showing products…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-02-16 Shaowei Yao , Jiwei Tan , Xi Chen , Keping Yang , Rong Xiao , Hongbo Deng , Xiaojun Wan

Click-Through Rate (CTR) prediction, a core task in recommendation systems, estimates user click likelihood using historical behavioral data. Modeling user behavior sequences as text to leverage Language Models (LMs) for this task has…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Zixuan Li , Binzong Geng , Jing Xiong , Yong He , Yuxuan Hu , Jian Chen , Dingwei Chen , Xiyu Chang , Liang Zhang , Linjian Mo , Chengming Li , Chuan Yuan , Zhenan Sun

Clicks on rankings suffer from position-bias: generally items on lower ranks are less likely to be examined - and thus clicked - by users, in spite of their actual preferences between items. The prevalent approach to unbiased click-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-01 Harrie Oosterhuis

Click-Through Rate (CTR) prediction, crucial in applications like recommender systems and online advertising, involves ranking items based on the likelihood of user clicks. User behavior sequence modeling has marked progress in CTR…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Hengyu Zhang , Chang Meng , Wei Guo , Huifeng Guo , Jieming Zhu , Guangpeng Zhao , Ruiming Tang , Xiu Li

Common click-through rate (CTR) prediction recommender models tend to exhibit feature-level bias, which leads to unfair recommendations among item groups and inaccurate recommendations for users. While existing methods address this issue by…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-02-07 Jinqiu Jin , Sihao Ding , Wenjie Wang , Fuli Feng

Unbiased Learning to Rank (ULTR) that learns to rank documents with biased user feedback data is a well-known challenge in information retrieval. Existing methods in unbiased learning to rank typically rely on click modeling or inverse…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-02-09 Dan Luo , Lixin Zou , Qingyao Ai , Zhiyu Chen , Dawei Yin , Brian D. Davison

Click-Through Rate (CTR) prediction is a core task in online personalization platform. A key step for CTR prediction is to learn accurate user representation to capture their interests. Generally, the interest expressed by a user is…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Xian-Jin Gui

Unbiased learning to rank (ULTR), which aims to learn unbiased ranking models from biased user behavior logs, plays an important role in Web search. Previous research on ULTR has studied a variety of biases in users' clicks, such as…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Zechun Niu , Lang Mei , Liu Yang , Ziyuan Zhao , Qiang Yan , Jiaxin Mao , Ji-Rong Wen

This thesis contributes a structured inquiry into the open actuarial mathematics problem of modelling user behaviour using machine learning methods, in order to predict purchase intent of non-life insurance products. It is valuable for a…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-12-06 Simone Borg Bruun

Click-through rate (CTR) prediction is crucial for personalized online services. Sample-level retrieval-based models, such as RIM, have demonstrated remarkable performance. However, they face challenges including inference inefficiency and…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Huanshuo Liu , Bo Chen , Menghui Zhu , Jianghao Lin , Jiarui Qin , Yang Yang , Hao Zhang , Ruiming Tang