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Related papers: A Definition of Background Independence

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We consider two concepts often discussed as significant features of general relativity (particularly when contrasted with the other forces of the Standard Model): background independence and diffeomorphism invariance. We remind the reader…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-12-14 Casey Cartwright , Alex Flournoy

The aim of this paper is to explain carefully the arguments behind the assertion that the correct quantum theory of gravity must be background independent. We begin by recounting how the debate over whether quantum gravity must be…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Lee Smolin

Intuitively speaking, a classical field theory is background-independent if the structure required to make sense of its equations is itself subject to dynamical evolution, rather than being imposed ab initio. The aim of this paper is to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-05-28 Gordon Belot

In this note, we describe how the study of backgrounds for general quantum systems can be formulated in terms of the representation theory of abstract $C^*$ algebras. We illustrate our general framework through two example systems:…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-01-15 Marc Klinger

Background independence is often emphasized as an important property of a quantum theory of gravity that takes seriously the geometrical nature of general relativity. In a background-independent formulation, quantum gravity should determine…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-08-27 Martin Bojowald

We argue that the demand of background independence in a quantum theory of gravity calls for an extension of standard geometric quantum mechanics. We discuss a possible kinematical and dynamical generalization of the latter by way of a…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 Djordje Minic , Chia-Hsiung Tze

We discuss the meaning of background independence in quantum theories of gravity where geometry and gravity are emergent and illustrate the possibilities using the framework of quantum causal histories.

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Fotini Markopoulou

This paper concerns what Background Independence itself is (as opposed to some particular physical theory that is background independent). The notions presented mostly arose from a layer-by-layer analysis of the facets of the Problem of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-10-08 Edward Anderson

Classical field theory is insensitive to the split of the field into a background configuration and a dynamical perturbation. In gauge theories, the situation is complicated by the fact that a covariant (w.r.t. the background field) gauge…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2020-03-26 Mojtaba Taslimi Tehrani , Jochen Zahn

I discuss various aspects of background independence in the context of string theory, for which so far we have no manifestly background independent formulation. After reviewing the role of background independence in classical Einstein…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-12-19 Olaf Hohm

We explore a background-independent theory of composite gravity. The vacuum expectation value of the composite metric satisfies Einstein's equations (with corrections) as a consistency condition, and selects the vacuum spacetime. A…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-06-09 Austin J. Batz , Joshua Erlich , Luke Mrini

The history of general relativity suggests that in absence of experimental data, constructing a theory on philosophical first principles can lead to a very useful theory as well as to ground-breaking insights about physical reality. The two…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2012-07-03 Manuel Bärenz

The paper presents an inquiry into the question regarding the compatibility of Bohmian mechanics, intended as a non-local theory of moving point-like particles, with background independence. This issue is worth being investigated because,…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2015-09-03 Antonio Vassallo

We review our most recent results in formulating gauge theories in the presence of a background field on the basis of symmetry arguments only. In particular we show how one can gain full control over the dependence on the background field…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2014-01-16 Daniele Binosi

We introduce the notion of background independent quantum field theory. The distinguishing feature of this theory is that the dynamics can be formulated without recourse to a background metric structure. We show in a simple model how the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Olaf Dreyer

Diffeomorphism invariance is sometimes taken to be a criterion of background independence. This claim is commonly accompanied by a second, that the genuine physical magnitudes (the "observables") of background-independent theories and those…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2015-06-12 Oliver Pooley

We describe the definition and the role background independence and the closely related notion of diffeomorphism invariance play in modern string theory. These important concepts are transformed by a new understanding of gauge redundancies…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-03-03 Moshe Rozali

It is generally believed that a full-fledged theory of quantum gravity should exhibit background independence and diffeomorphism invariance. In its most general form, the latter comprises field redefinitions, which are diffeomorphisms in…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-01-25 Roberto Casadio , Alexander Kamenshchik , Iberê Kuntz

We deal with the problem of identifying a background structure and its perturbation in tetrad theories of gravity. Starting from a peculiar trivial principal bundle we define a metric which depends only on the gauge connection. We find the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Ettore Minguzzi

This paper answers examines the relationship between Diffeomorphism Invariance and Background Independence. First, a review of the relationship between Background Independence, General Relativity (GR) and pre-GR theories are given. Then, a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-10-01 Kurniawan Tjandra , Kuldip Singh
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