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A systematic review, covering fabrication of nanoscale patterns by laser interference lithography (LIL) and their applications for optical devices are provided. LIL is a patterning method with simple, quick process over a large area without…
Magnetic anisotropy is a key parameter of magnetic materials as it decides the response in the presence of an external magnetic field. The artificial tailoring of magnetic anisotropy by manipulating surface and interface morphology is…
We investigate the optical detection of single atoms held in a microscopic atom trap close to a surface. Laser light is guided by optical fibers or optical micro-structures via the atom to a photo-detector. Our results suggest that with…
We demonstrate a motion-free intensity diffraction tomography technique that enables direct inversion of 3D phase and absorption from intensity-only measurements for weakly scattering samples. We derive a novel linear forward model,…
We present results of a planar process development based on the combination of electron-beam lithography and dry etching for fabricating high-quality superconducting photosensitive structures in the sub-100nm regime. The devices were…
Measurements with an atomic force microscope (AFM) offer a direct way to probe elastic properties of lipid bilayer membranes locally: provided the underlying stress-strain relation is known, material parameters such as surface tension or…
Imaging ultracold atomic gases close to surfaces is an important tool for the detailed analysis of experiments carried out using atom chips. We describe the critical factors that need be considered, especially when the imaging beam is…
Under hydrostatic pressure, alpha-quartz undergoes solid-state mechanical amorphization wherein the interpenetration of SiO4 tetrahedra occurs and the material loses crystallinity. This phase transformation requires a high hydrostatic…
Electron-beam (e-beam) lithography is widely employed in fabrication of 2-D patterns and 3-D structures. A certain type or shape of the sidewall in the remaining resist profile may be desired in an application, e.g., an undercut for…
We propose a novel way to image dynamical properties of nonstationary electron systems using ultrafast resonant x-ray scattering. Employing a rigorous theoretical analysis within the framework of quantum electrodynamics, we demonstrate that…
The Electrical Resistance Tomography (ERT) technique is applied to the measurement of sheet conductance maps of both uniform and patterned conductive thin films. Images of the sheet conductance spatial distribution, and local conductivity…
Recent studies of secondary electron (SE) emission in scanning transmission electron microscopes suggest that material's properties such as electrical conductivity, connectivity, and work function can be probed with atomic scale resolution…
We investigated insulating Cu$_2$N islands grown on Cu(100) by means of combined scanning tunneling microscopy and atomic force microscopy with two vastly different tips: a bare metal tip and a CO-terminated tip. We use scanning tunneling…
Understanding mechanical properties of materials requires not only complete determination of the three-dimensional response at a local scale, but also knowledge of the mode or the mechanism by which deformation takes place. Probing…
Electron-beam (e-beam) manipulation of single dopant atoms in an aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscope is emerging as a method for directed atomic motion and atom-by-atom assembly. Until now, the dopant species have…
Outlined here is a technique for sub-wavelength infrared surface imaging performed using a phase matched optical parametric oscillator laser and an atomic force microscope as the detection mechanism. The technique uses a novel surface…
Hollow electron beams are today highly desirable for many applications, but are still challenging in view of their detection. In this Letter, we focus on the unique character of the electromagnetic radiation that relativistic hollow…
We propose a scheme to create an effective magnetic field for ultra-cold atoms in a planar geometry. The set-up allows the experimental study of classical and quantum Hall effects in close analogy to solid-state systems including the…
Directed atomic fabrication using an aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) opens new pathways for atomic engineering of functional materials. In this approach, the electron beam is used to actively alter the…
Analyzing atomically resolved images is a time-consuming process requiring solid experience and substantial human intervention. In addition, the acquired images contain a large amount of information such as crystal structure, presence and…