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We introduce a system of kinetic equations describing an exchange market consisting of two populations of agents (dealers and speculators) expressing the same preferences for two goods, but applying different strategies in their exchanges.…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2018-03-14 Carlo Brugna , Giuseppe Toscani

Models in econophysics, i.e., the emerging field of statistical physics that applies the main concepts of traditional physics to economics, typically consist of large systems of economic agents who are characterized by the amount of money…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-03-08 Nicolas Lanchier

Boltzmann-Gibbs distribution arises as the statistical equilibrium probability distribution of money among the agents of a closed economic system where random and undirected exchanges are allowed. When considering a model with uniform…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2015-06-11 Ismael Martinez-Martinez , Ricardo Lopez-Ruiz

We review some aspects, especially those we can tackle analytically, of a minimal model of closed economy analogous to the kinetic theory model of ideal gases where the agents exchange wealth amongst themselves such that the total wealth is…

Physics and Society · Physics 2010-10-27 Mehdi Lallouache , Aymen Jedidi , Anirban Chakraborti

Various multi-agent models of wealth distributions defined by microscopic laws regulating the trades, with or without a saving criterion, are reviewed. We discuss and clarify the equilibrium properties of the model with constant global…

Physics and Society · Physics 2013-03-19 Marco Patriarca , Anirban Chakraborti , Kimmo Kaski , Guido Germano

Using a model based on generalised Lotka Volterra dynamics together with some recent results for the solution of generalised Langevin equations, we show that the equilibrium solution for the probability distribution of wealth has two…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2008-12-10 Peter Richmond , Sorin Solomon

Using the analogy with inelastic granular gasses we introduce a model for wealth exchange in society. The dynamics is governed by a kinetic equation, which allows for self-similar solutions. The scaling function has a power-law tail, the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2008-12-02 Frantisek Slanina

A kinetic inhomogeneous Boltzmann-type equation is proposed to model the dynamics of the number of agents in a large market depending on the estimated value of an asset and the rationality of the agents. The interaction rules take into…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2017-02-07 Bertram Düring , Ansgar Jüngel , Lara Trussardi

In recent years, there has been a proliferation of online gambling sites, which made gambling more accessible with a consequent rise in related problems, such as addiction. Hence, the analysis of the gambling behaviour at both the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2019-07-24 Giuseppe Toscani , Andrea Tosin , Mattia Zanella

We introduce a class of new one-dimensional linear Fokker--Planck type equations describing the evolution in time of the wealth in a multi-agent society. The equations are obtained, via a standard limiting procedure, by introducing an…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2019-06-04 Giulia Furioli , Ada Pulvirenti , Elide Terraneo , Giuseppe Toscani

In this paper we introduce kinetic equations for the evolution of the probability distribution of two goods among a huge population of agents. The leading idea is to describe the trading of these goods by means of some fundamental rules in…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2015-06-11 G. Toscani , C. Brugna , S. Demichelis

Within the description of stochastic differential equations it is argued that the existence of Boltzmann-Gibbs type distribution in economy is independent of the time reversal symmetry in econodynamics. Both power law and exponential…

Physics and Society · Physics 2008-12-02 P. Ao

We study here numerically the behavior of an ideal gas like model of markets having only one non-consumable commodity. We investigate the behavior of the steady-state distributions of money, commodity and total wealth, as the dynamics of…

Physics and Society · Physics 2009-11-13 Arnab Chatterjee , Bikas K. Chakrabarti

In simulations of some economic gas-like models, the asymptotic regime shows an exponential wealth distribution, independently of the initial wealth distribution given to the system. The appearance of this statistical equilibrium for this…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2011-05-23 Jose-Luis Lopez , Ricardo Lopez-Ruiz , Xavier Calbet

The agent-based Yard-Sale model of wealth inequality is generalized to incorporate exponential economic growth and its distribution. The distribution of economic growth is nonuniform and is determined by the wealth of each agent and a…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-08-26 Kang K. L. Liu , N. Lubbers , W. Klein , J. Tobochnik , B. M. Boghosian , Harvey Gould

The Kinetic Gas Theory like two-agent money exchange models, recently introduced in the Econophysics of Wealth distributions, are revisited. The emergence of Boltzmann-Gibbs like distribution of individual money to Pareto's law in the tail…

Physics and Society · Physics 2009-11-11 Abhijit Kar Gupta

This paper consider a highly general dissemination model that keeps track of the stochastic evolution of the distribution of wealth over a set of agents. There are two types of events: (i) units of wealth externally arrive, and (ii) units…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-07-12 K. M. D. Chan , M. R. H. Mandjes

We investigate the repeated averaging model for money exchanges: two agents picked uniformly at random share half of their wealth to each other. It is intuitively convincing that a Dirac distribution of wealth (centered at the initial…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-08-19 Fei Cao

Increasingly, a huge amount of statistics have been gathered which clearly indicates that income and wealth distributions in various countries or societies follow a robust pattern, close to the Gibbs distribution of energy in an ideal gas…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2009-11-13 Arnab Chatterjee , Bikas K. Chakrabarti

We present and analyze a model for the evolution of the wealth distribution within a heterogeneous economic environment. The model considers a system of rational agents interacting in a game theoretical framework, through fairly general…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2015-06-16 Pierre Degond , Jian-Guo Liu , Christian Ringhofer