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In this paper, we show that the conditional expectation of a random variable with finite second moment given a $\sigma$-algebra is the unique critical point of an energy functional in Hilbert space $L^2$. Then, we extend by density the…

We show sufficient conditions on matrix weights $U$ and $V$ for the martingale transforms to be uniformly bounded from $L^2(V)$ to $L^2(U)$. We also show that these conditions imply the uniform boundedness of the dyadic shifts as well as…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2010-06-24 Robert Kerr

If T is a fractional vector Riesz transform, 1<p<infinity, and sigma and omega are doubling measures, then the two weight L^{p} norm inequality holds if and only if the quadratic triple testing conditions of Hyt\"onen and Vuorinen hold. We…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2024-05-14 Eric T. Sawyer , Brett D. Wick

The new type of "bumping" of the Muckenhoupt $A_2$ condition on weights is introduced. It is based on bumping the entropy integral of the weights. In particular, one gets (assuming mild regularity conditions on the corresponding Young…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2014-08-05 Sergei Treil , Alexander Volberg

We examine the problem of the Fourier transform mapping one weighted Lebesgue space into another, by studying necessary conditions and sufficient conditions which expose an underlying geometry. In the necessary conditions, this geometry is…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2017-11-20 Ryan Berndt

We give an example of a pair of weights (u,v) on the line, and an elliptic convolution singular integral operator H on the line, such that H_u is bounded from L^2(u) to L^2(v), yet the measure pair (u,v) fails to satisfy the backward energy…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2017-10-12 Eric T. Sawyer , Chun-Yen Shen , Ignacio Uriarte-Tuero

We prove sufficient conditions for the two-weight boundedness of the Bergman projection on the unit ball. The first condition is in terms of Orlicz averages of the weights, while the second condition is in terms of the mixed…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2023-11-07 Gianmarco Brocchi

We precisely characterize the relationships between the reverse H\"older inequality, the Fujii-Wilson condition, the B\'ekoll\'e-Bonami $\mathrm{B}_p$ condition, the $\mathrm{B}_\infty$ condition, and the reverse Jensen inequality, for…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2025-06-13 Carlos Mudarra , Karl-Mikael Perfekt

An energy condition, in the context of a wide class of spacetime theories (including general relativity), is, crudely speaking, a relation one demands the stress-energy tensor of matter satisfy in order to try to capture the idea that…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2021-03-04 Erik Curiel

In [12] it has been shown that $(p,q)$ Sobolev inequality with $p>q$ implies the doubling condition on the underlying measure. We show that even weaker Orlicz-Sobolev inequalities, where the gain on the left-hand side is smaller than any…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2019-06-11 Lyudmila Korobenko

It is commonly believed that the vacuum energy problem points to the need for (1) a radically new formulation of gravitational physics and (2) a new principle which forces the vacuum stress-energy tensor (as measured by gravity) to be…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-06 A. R. Mondragon , R. E. Allen

In model building studies, it is important to check the energy conditions for the corresponding energy-momentum tensor determined by the gravitational field equations in order to single out physically reasonable models. In this process, one…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-09-02 Hideki Maeda , Tomohiro Harada

We show that the invariant measure of point vortices, when conditioning the Hamiltonian to a finite interval, converges weakly to the enstrophy measure by conditioning the renormalized energy to the same interval. We also prove the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2020-01-09 Franco Flandoli , Dejun Luo

Generalization through novel interpretations of the inner logic of the century-old Gibbs' statistical thermodynamics is presented: i) Identifying $k_B\to 0$ as classical energetics, one directly derives a pair of thermodynamic variational…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-08-26 Bing Miao , Hong Qian , Yong-Shi Wu

In this paper we present a new point of view on the mathematical foundations of statistical physics of infinite volume systems. This viewpoint is based on the newly introduced notions of transition energy function, transition energy field…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-09-13 S Dachian , B Nahapetian

Let $ Tf =\sum_{ I} \varepsilon_I \langle f,h_{I^+}\rangle h_{I^-}$. Here, $ \lvert \varepsilon _I\rvert=1 $, and $ h_J$ is the Haar function defined on dyadic interval $ J$. We show that, for instance, \begin{equation*} \lVert T \rVert _{L…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2018-11-06 Wei Chen , Rui Han , Michael T. Lacey

In this note, necessary and sufficient conditions are obtained for unilateral weighted shifts to be near subnormal . As an application of the main results, many answers to the Hilbert space problem 160 are presented at the end of the paper.

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Wang Gongbao , Ma Jipu

We begin an investigation into extending the T1 theorem of David and Journ\'e, and the corresponding cancellation conditions of Stein, to more general pairs of distinct doubling weights. For example, assuming the measures satisfy a…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2021-11-03 Eric T. Sawyer

We obtain necessary and sufficient conditions on weights for the generalized Fourier-type transforms to be bounded between weighted $L^p-L^q$ spaces. As an important example, we investigate transforms with kernel of power type, as for…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2018-12-06 A. Debernardi

A complete characterization of near subnormality for bilateral weighted shifts is obtained. As an application of the main results, many new answers to the Hilbert space problem 160 are presented at the end of the paper.

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Wang Gong-bao , Ma Ji-pu