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We propose a new Write-Once-Memory (WOM) coding scheme based on source polarization. By applying a source polarization transformation on the to-be-determined codeword, the proposed WOM coding scheme encodes information into the bits in the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-10-28 Xudong Ma

In this paper, we propose a construction of non-binary WOM (Write-Once-Memory) codes for WOM storages such as flash memories. The WOM codes discussed in this paper are fixed rate WOM codes where messages in a fixed alphabet of size $M$ can…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-02-14 Yoju Fujino , Tadashi Wadayama

Flash memory is a write-once medium in which reprogramming cells requires first erasing the block that contains them. The lifetime of the flash is a function of the number of block erasures and can be as small as several thousands. To…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-04-23 Eitan Yaakobi , Alexander Yucovich , Gal Maor , Gala Yadgar

The current flash memory technology focuses on the cost minimization of its static storage capacity. However, the resulting approach supports a relatively small number of program-erase cycles. This technology is effective for consumer…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-01-05 Eyal En Gad , Eitan Yaakobi , Anxiao , Jiang , Jehoshua Bruck

This paper constructs WOM codes that combine rewriting and error correction for mitigating the reliability and the endurance problems in flash memory. We consider a rewriting model that is of practical interest to flash applications where…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-02-03 Eyal En Gad , Wentao Huang , Yue Li , Jehoshua Bruck

A coding scheme for write once memory (WOM) using polar codes is presented. It is shown that the scheme achieves the capacity region of noiseless WOMs when an arbitrary number of multiple writes is permitted. The encoding and decoding…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2012-10-09 David Burshtein , Alona Strugatski

Write-Once-Memory (WOM) is a model for many modern non-volatile memories, such as flash memories. Recently, several capacity-achieving WOM coding schemes have been proposed based on polar coding. Due to the fact that practical computer…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-11-18 Xudong Ma

This paper investigates the design and application of write-once memory (WOM) codes for flash memory storage. Using ideas from Merkx ('84), we present a construction of WOM codes based on finite Euclidean geometries over $\mathbb{F}_2$.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2012-06-26 Kathryn Haymaker , Christine A. Kelley

In the framework of write-once memory (WOM) codes, it is important to distinguish between codes that can be decoded directly and those that require that the decoder knows the current generation to successfully decode the state of the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-06-04 Nicolas Bitouzé , Alexandre Graell i Amat , Eirik Rosnes

In this paper we give several new constructions of WOM codes. The novelty in our constructions is the use of the so called Wozencraft ensemble of linear codes. Specifically, we obtain the following results. We give an explicit construction…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2011-11-01 Amir Shpilka

Phase Change Memory (PCM) has rapidly progressed and surpassed Dynamic Random-Access Memory (DRAM) in terms of scalability and standby energy efficiency. Altering a PCM cell's state during writes demands substantial energy, posing a…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Mahek Desai , Apoorva Rumale , Marjan Asadinia , Sherrene Bogle

\emph{Resistive memories}, such as \emph{phase change memories} and \emph{resistive random access memories} have attracted significant attention in recent years due to their better scalability, speed, rewritability, and yet non-volatility.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-09-22 Yeow Meng Chee , Michal Horovitz , Alexander Vardy , Van Khu Vu , Eitan Yaakobi

In recent years, due to the spread of multi-level non-volatile memories (NVM), $q$-ary write-once memories (WOM) codes have been extensively studied. By using WOM codes, it is possible to rewrite NVMs $t$ times before erasing the cells. The…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-05-18 Evyatar Hemo , Yuval Cassuto

Phase-change memory (PCM) is a promising non-volatile solid-state memory technology. A PCM cell stores data by using its amorphous and crystalline states. The cell changes between these two states using high temperature. However, since the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2012-07-20 Minghai Qin , Eitan Yaakobi , Paul H. Siegel

Assuming we are in a Word-RAM model with word size $w$, we show that we can construct in $o(w)$ time an error correcting code with a constant relative positive distance that maps numbers of $w$ bits into $\Theta(w)$-bit numbers, and such…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2014-09-16 Djamal Belazzougui

Reducing the threshold voltage of electronic devices increases their sensitivity to electromagnetic radiation dramatically, increasing the probability of changing the memory cells' content. Designers mitigate failures using techniques such…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-07-14 David Freitas , David Mota , Clailton Lopes , Daniel Simões , Jarbas Silveira , João Mota , César Marcon

Flash memories intended for SSD and mobile applications need to provide high random I/O performance. This requires using efficient schemes for reading small chunks of data (e.g. 0.5KB - 4KB) from random addresses. Furthermore, in order to…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2012-03-01 Eran Sharon , Idan Alrod

Flash memory is a non-volatile computer memory comprising blocks of cells, wherein each cell can take on q different values or levels. While increasing the cell level is easy, reducing the level of a cell can be accomplished only by erasing…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2012-10-30 Eitan Yaakobi , Hessam Mahdavifar , Paul H. Siegel , Alexander Vardy , Jack K. Wolf

A rewriting code construction for flash memories based upon lattices is described. The values stored in flash cells correspond to lattice points. This construction encodes information to lattice points in such a way that data can be written…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2010-07-13 Brian M. Kurkoski

In this paper, we propose novel modulation concepts that we call weak composition modulation (WCM) and composition modulation (CM). We use weak and strict compositions of an integer to form codewords of WCM and CM, respectively. For the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-06-26 Ferhat Yarkin , Justin P. Coon
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