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This book has four chapters. In the first chapter interval bistructures (biinterval structures) such as interval bisemigroup, interval bigroupoid, interval bigroup and interval biloops are introduced. Throughout this book we work only with…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2011-08-12 W. B. Vasantha Kandasamy , Florentin Smarandache

In this book, for the first time we introduce the notion of neutrosophic algebraic structures for groups, loops, semigroups and groupoids; and also their neutrosophic N-algebraic structures. One is fully aware of the fact that many…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 W. B. Vasantha Kandasamy , Florentin Smarandache

The new concept of fuzzy interval matrices has been introduced in this book for the first time. The authors have not only introduced the notion of fuzzy interval matrices, interval neutrosophic matrices and fuzzy neutrosophic interval…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 W. B. Vasantha Kandasamy , Florentin Smarandache

Many state-of-the-art technologies developed in recent years have been influenced by machine learning to some extent. Most popular at the time of this writing are artificial intelligence methodologies that fall under the umbrella of deep…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-03-03 Stanton R. Price , Steven R. Price , Derek T. Anderson

In this book, there are five chapters: Systems of Linear Equations, Vector Spaces, Homogeneous Systems, Characteristic Equation of Matrix, and Matrix Dot Product. It has also exercises at the end of each chapter above to let students…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2018-07-26 Mohammed K A Kaabar

In this paper we introduce and study semigroups of operators on spaces of fuzzy-number-valued functions, and various applications to fuzzy differential equations are presented. Starting from the space of fuzzy numbers, many new spaces…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2013-06-18 Ciprian G. Gal , Sorin G. Gal

Fuzzy sets are the cornerstone of a non-additive uncertainty theory, namely possibility theory, and of a versatile tool for both linguistic and numerical modeling. Numerous works now combine fuzzy concepts with other scientific disciplines…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2017-03-01 Murat Kirişci

The new classes of super special codes are constructed in this book using the specially constructed super special vector spaces. These codes mainly use the super matrices. These codes can be realized as a special type of concatenated codes.…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2010-07-01 W. B. Vasantha Kandasamy , Florentin Smarandache , K. Ilanthenral

The major part of this thesis deals with fuzzy geometric logic and fuzzy geometric logic with graded consequence. The first chapter mainly contains the concept of topological system introduced by S. Vickers in 1989. In Chapter 2 the notion…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2017-05-16 Purbita Jana

Real-world phenomena often exhibit vagueness, partial truth, and incomplete information. To model such uncertainty in a mathematically rigorous way, many generalized set-theoretic frameworks have been introduced, including Fuzzy Sets [1],…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Takaaki Fujita , Florentin Smarandache

This book presents the advancements and applications of neutrosophics. Chapter 1 first introduces the interval neutrosophic sets which is an instance of neutrosophic sets. In this chapter, the definition of interval neutrosophic sets and…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Haibin Wang , Florentin Smarandache , Yan-Qing Zhang , Rajshekhar Sunderraman

The algebraic structure, linear algebra happens to be one of the subjects which yields itself to applications to several fields like coding or communication theory, Markov chains, representation of groups and graphs, Leontief economic…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 W. B. Vasantha Kandasamy , Florentin Smarandache , K. Ilanthenral

For the first time we represent every finite group in the form of a graph in this book. The authors choose to call these graphs as identity graph, since the main role in obtaining the graph is played by the identity element of the group.…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2009-06-30 W. B. Vasantha Kandasamy , Florentin Smarandache

This book has eight chapters. The first chapter is introductory in nature. Polynomials with matrix coefficients are introduced in chapter two. Algebraic structures on these polynomials with matrix coefficients is defined and described in…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2012-02-21 W. B. Vasantha Kandasamy , Florentin Smarandache

This book, in order to generalize the two models of fuzzy cognitive maps and neutrosophic cognitive maps, has systematically invented mathematical tools like bimatrices, trimatrices, n-matrices, bigraphs, trigraphs and n-graphs and describe…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 WB Vasantha Kandasamy , Florentin Smarandache , K. Ilanthenral

In this work we propose a formal system for fuzzy algebraic reasoning. The sequent calculus we define is based on two kinds of propositions, capturing equality and existence of terms as members of a fuzzy set. We provide a sound semantics…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-10-22 Davide Castelnovo , Marino Miculan

In this book, the authors define several new types of soft neutrosophic algebraic structures over neutrosophic algebraic structures and we study their generalizations. These soft neutrosophic algebraic structures are basically parameterized…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2014-09-15 Mumtaz Ali , Florentin Smarandache , Muhammad Shabir

This book introduces special classes of Fuzzy and Neutrosophic matrices. These special classes of matrices are used in the construction of multi-expert special fuzzy models using FCM, FRM and FRE and their Neutorosophic analogues…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2007-08-01 W. B. Vasantha Kandasamy , Florentin Smarandache , K. Ilanthenral

This article is the first of an intended series of works on the model theory of Ultrafinitism. It is roughly divided into two parts. The first one addresses some of the issues related to ultrafinitistic programs, as well as some of the core…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Mirco A. Mannucci , Rose M. Cherubin

In this book for the first time the authors introduce the notion of real neutrosophic complex numbers. Further the new notion of finite complex modulo integers is defined. For every $C(Z_n)$ the complex modulo integer $i_F$ is such that…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2011-11-02 W. B. Vasantha Kandasamy , Florentin Smarandache