Related papers: Free Knots and Groups
The quotients $G_k/G_{k+1}$ of the lower central series of a finitely presented group $G$ are an important invariant of this group. In this work we investigate the ranks of these quotients in the case of a certain class of conjugation-free…
Virtual knot theory is a generalization of knot theory which is based on Gauss chord diagrams and link diagrams on closed oriented surfaces. A twisted knot is a generalization of a virtual knot, which corresponds to a link diagram on a…
Lists of equivalence classes of words under rotation or rotation plus reversal (i.e., necklaces and bracelets) have many uses, and efficient algorithms for generating these lists exist. In combinatorial group theory elements of a group are…
We construct a group (an HNN extension of a free group) with polynomial isoperimetric function, linear isodiametric function and non-simply connected asymptotic cones.
The homology and cohomology of quandles and racks are used in knot theory: given a finite quandle and a cocycle, we can construct a knot invariant. This is a quick introductory survey to the invariants of knots derived from quandles and…
This paper is a survey of knot theory and invariants of knots and links from the point of view of categories of diagrams. The topics range from foundations of knot theory to virtual knot theory and topological quantum field theory.
Bott and Taubes constructed knot invariants by integrating differential forms along the fiber of a bundle over the space of knots, generalizing the Gauss linking integral. Their techniques were later used to construct real cohomology…
This an article about some elementary geometric and combinatorial natures of various knot energies. A related "new" knot invariant -- the X-crossing number -- is introduced.
We construct knot invariants from the radical part of projective modules of restricted quantum groups. We also show a relation between these invariants and the colored Alexander invariants.
We study surface links whose link groups are free abelian, and construct various stimulating and highly non-trivial examples of such surface links.
F-polynomials for virtual knots were defined by Kaur, Prabhakar and Vesnin in 2018 using flat virtual knot invariants. These polynomials naturally generalize Kauffman's affine index polynomial and use smoothing in classical crossing of a…
Given a finitely generated subgroup $H$ of a free group $F$, we present an algorithm which computes $g_1,\ldots,g_m\in F$, such that the set of elements $g\in F$, for which there exists a non-trivial $H$-equation having $g$ as a solution,…
We construct various functorial maps (projections) from virtual knots to classical knots. These maps are defined on diagrams of virtual knots; in terms of Gauss diagram each of them can be represented as a deletion of some chords. The…
In this note, we provide a different proof of Hill's criterion of freeness for abelian groups. Our proof hinges on the construction of suitable families of subgroups of the links in Hill's theorem and, ultimately, on the construction of…
We initiate the study of classical knots through the homotopy class of the n-th evaluation map of the knot, which is the induced map on the compactified n-point configuration space. Sending a knot to its n-th evaluation map realizes the…
To each link $L$ in $S^3$ we associate a collection of certain labelled directed trees, called width trees. We interpret some classical and new topological link invariants in terms of these width trees and show how the geometric structure…
We use categories of representations of finite dimensional quantum groupoids (weak Hopf algebras) to construct ribbon and modular categories that give rise to invariants of knots and 3-manifolds.
In 2014 Andrey Perfiliev introduced the so-called electric invariant for non-oriented knots. This invariant was motivated by using Kirchhoff's laws for the dual graph of the knot diagram. Later, in 2020, Anastasiya Galkina generalised this…
Inspired by methods in prime characteristic in commutative algebra, we introduce and study combinatorial invariants of seminormal monoids. We relate such numbers with the singularities and homological invariants of the semigroup ring…
A characterization of congruences in free semigroups is presented.