Related papers: Free Knots and Groups
We introduce birack brackets, skein invariants of birack-colored framed classical and virtual knots and links with values in a commutative unital ring. The multiset of birack bracket values over the homset from a framed link's fundamental…
In this article we introduce powerful tools and techniques from invariant theory to free analysis. This enables us to study free maps with involution. These maps are free noncommutative analogs of real analytic functions of several…
The 4-simplex has vertices 5 unit quaternions, which we arrange so that one of them is the unit. We show that the remaining 4 vertices are the generators of a free group. For the proof, we introduce a new alternating length on words in free…
We introduce a new numerical invariant of knots and links from the descending diagrams. It is considered to live between the unknotting number and the bridge number.
Given a group endowed with a Z/2-valued morphism we associate a Gauss diagram theory, and show that for a particular choice of the group these diagrams encode faithfully virtual knots on a given arbitrary surface. This theory contains all…
We construct a one parameter family of ICC groups $\{G_t\}_{t>1}$, with the property that the group factor $L(G_t)$ is isomorphic to the interpolated free group factor $L(\mathbb F_t):=L(\mathbb{F}_2)^{1/\sqrt{t-1}}$, $\forall t$. Moreover,…
The ways in which a nontrivial commutator can be a proper power in a free product of groups are identified.
This paper is a self-contained development of an invariant of graphs embedded in three-dimensional Euclidean space using the Jones polynomial and skein theory. Some examples of the invariant are computed. An unlinked embedded graph is one…
We define an invariant of welded virtual knots from each finite crossed module by considering crossed module invariants of ribbon knotted surfaces which are naturally associated with them. We elucidate that the invariants obtained are non…
We introduce a new family of invariants of oriented classical and virtual knots and links using fares, maps from paths in biquandle-colored diagrams to an abelian coefficient group. We consider the cases of 1-fares and 2-fares, provide…
We provide a way to produce knots in $S^3$ from signed chord diagrams, and prove that every knot can be produced in this way. Using these diagrams, we generalize the fundamental theorem of finite type invariants. We also provide moves for…
We characterize, in an algebraic and in a diagrammatic way, Milnor string link invariants indexed by sequences where any index appears at most $k$ times, for any fixed $k\ge 1$. The algebraic characterization is given in terms of an…
We construct a family of rings. To a plane diagram of a tangle we associate a complex of bimodules over these rings. Chain homotopy equivalence class of this complex is an invariant of the tangle. On the level of Grothendieck groups this…
Let {a,b} and {c,d} be two pairs of bounding simple closed curves on an oriented surface which intersect nontrivialy. We prove that if these pairs are invariant under the action of an orientation reversing involution, then the corresponding…
Free-field formalism for quantum groups provides a special choice of coordinates on a quantum group. In these coordinates the construction of associated integrable system is especially simple. This choice also fits into general framework of…
The main result of this paper is an explicit construction of the free commutative skew brace -- that is, a skew brace whose circle group is commutative -- on an arbitrary generating set $X$. We embed this object into a set of rational…
Notes based on lessons given at {\sc Escuela " Fico Gonz\'alez Acu\~na" de Nudos y 3-variedades}, M\'erida Yucat\'an, M\'exico, 7--10 (2015) and {\sc Encuentro de nudos, trenzas y \'algebras}, Oaxaca--M\'exico, 3--10 October (2018).
A free Steiner quasigroup is a free object in the variety of Steiner quasigroups. Free Steiner quasigroups are characterised by the existence of a levelled construction that starts with a free base - that is, a set of elements none of which…
We explore a family of invariants obtained from linking numbers. This is a family of Kauffman finite type invariants.
We reproduce the hierarchy of link invariants associated to the series of $N$-state vertex models with a method different from the original construction due to Akutsu, Deguchi and Wadati. The alternative method substitutes the `crossing…