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In this paper we show that a negative index of refraction is not a direct implication of transformation optics with orientation-reversing diffeomorphisms. Rather a negative index appears due to a specific choice of sign freedom.…

Optics · Physics 2011-02-02 Luzi Bergamin , Alberto Favaro

We carefully examine the negative refractive index slab perfect lens theory by Pendry and point out an inconsistency that can be resolved. As a result, we find negative index slabs do not amplify or enhance evanescent waves and therefore…

Optics · Physics 2008-07-14 Weiguo Yang , John O. Schenk , Michael A. Fiddy

The widely-accepted theoretical treatment of the electromagnetic boundary problem of evanescent wave transfer at an interface between a normal medium of n=1 and an ideal negative index medium of n=-1 neglects the non-zero induced surface…

Optics · Physics 2013-06-12 Weiguo Yang , Michael A. Fiddy

Interfaces between media with negative relative refractive index generically support propagating electromagnetic surface polariton modes with large wavenumber. The relation of these modes to a recent prediction by Pendry of ``perfect (real)…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2007-05-23 F. D. M. Haldane

Negative refraction is known to occur in materials that simultaneously possess a negative electric permittivity and magnetic permeability; hence they are termed negative index materials. However, there are no known natural materials that…

We reconsider the refraction of evanescent waves at an interface between air and negative index medium under the assumption that negative index medium is necessarily dispersive and lossy. We show that all evanescent waves in air will be…

Optics · Physics 2009-06-26 Weiguo Yang , John O. Schenk , Michael A. Fiddy

We explore the effects of incorporating negative index materials into the physics of time-varying media and find that changing the refractive index from positive to negative creates a perfect time-reversed wave: a perfect time-domain lens.…

Optics · Physics 2025-12-04 Oded Schiller , Yonatan Plotnik , Guy Bartal , Mordechai Segev

Perfect imaging has been believed to rely on negative refraction, but here we show that an ordinary positively-refracting optical medium may form perfect images as well. In particular, we establish a mathematical proof that Maxwell's fish…

Optics · Physics 2009-09-30 Ulf Leonhardt

A discussion of a question, studied earlier by V.Veselago in 1967 and by J. Pendry in 2000, is given. The question is: can a slab of the material with negative refraction make a perfect lens? Pendry's conclusion was: yes, it can. Our…

Materials Science · Physics 2009-11-13 A. G. Ramm

In this paper, the optical properties and imaging performance of a non-ideal Pendry's negative index flat lens with a practical value for loss are studied. Analytical calculations of the optical properties of the lens are performed, and…

Optics · Physics 2016-12-21 Wyatt Adams , Mehdi Sadatgol , Xu Zhang , Durdu Ö. Güney

We propose a device with a positive isotropic refractive index that creates an approximate magnified perfect real image of an optically homogeneous three-dimensional region of space within geometrical optics. Its key ingredient is a new…

Optics · Physics 2012-01-13 Tomas Tyc , Martin Sarbort

To overcome the resolution limit of conventional optics, near field imaging techniques using a negative index flat lens (NIFL) have been previously developed that amplify the evanescent components of the incident field. Here, a technique is…

Optics · Physics 2016-12-23 Wyatt Adams , Durdu Ö. Güney

With a conventional lens sharpness of the image is always limited by the wavelength of light. An unconventional alternative to a lens, a slab of negative refractive index material, has the power to focus all Fourier components of a 2D…

Optics · Physics 2025-07-03 JB Pendry

We consider the interaction of atoms with the quantized electromagnetic field in the presence of materials with negative index of refraction. Spontaneous emission of an atom embedded in a negative index material is discussed. It is shown…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Jürgen Kästel , Michael Fleischhauer

This work demonstrates the existence of both negative refraction and a negative refractive index in an optical uniaxial absorbent medium that can be characterized by ordinary and extraordinary refractive indices. Negative refraction occurs…

Optics · Physics 2009-05-04 Yi-Jun Jen , Ching-Wei Yu , Chin-Te Lin

The problem of the principal existence of the perfect lens and superlensing is discussed. We have demonstrated that in the case of the virtual focus the idea of perfect lens based upon amplification of evanescent waves as proposed by Pendry…

Materials Science · Physics 2007-05-23 A. L. Efros

Perfect lensing and cloaking based on complementary media are possible applications of negative refractive index materials. Metamaterials represent the natural candidates to realize such property by tailoring the effective dielectric…

Materials Science · Physics 2010-01-31 Claudio Amabile , Enrico Prati

J. B. Pendry's "Negative Refraction Makes a Perfect Lens" is analyzed. It appears that several statements may be understood in terms of lens design but not in terms of fundamental behavior of light.

General Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 John Michael Williams

Inverse transformation optics is introduced, and used to calculate the reflection at the boundary of a transformation medium under consideration. The transformation medium for a practical device is obtained from a two-dimensional (2D)…

Optics · Physics 2014-03-31 Pu Zhang , Yi Jin , Sailing He

Has the ten-year old quest for the optical superlens, based on Veselago's hypothesis of negative refraction, been a chimera? We argue that Pendry's alternative prescription of the silver superlens is nothing more than an application of the…

Optics · Physics 2010-04-16 George Christou , Christos Mias
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