Related papers: Random Numbers Certified by Bell's Theorem
Device-independent quantum key distribution allows for proving the security of a shared cryptographic key between two distant parties with potentially untrusted devices. The security proof is based on the measurement outcome statistics…
Bell inequality violations are often taken as evidence that quantum nonlocality guarantees intrinsic randomness, effectively playing the role of a "dice" at the heart of many device-independent cryptographic protocols. We show that there…
We demonstrate to what extent many copies of maximally entangled two-qubit states enable for generating a greater amount of certified randomness than that can be certified from a single copy. Although it appears that greater the dimension…
The fundamental principles of quantum mechanics, such as its probabilistic nature, allow for the theoretical ability of quantum computers to generate statistically random numbers, as opposed to classical computers which are only able to…
Device-independent quantum random number generators (DI-QRNGs) are crucial for information processing, ensuring certified quantumness and genuine randomness. However, existing implementations often face low bit rates due to quantumness…
Applications of randomness such as private key generation and public randomness beacons require small blocks of certified random bits on demand. Device-independent quantum random number generators can produce such random bits, but existing…
Random numbers are used in a wide range of sciences. In many applications, generating unpredictable private random numbers is indispensable. Device-independent quantum random number generation is a framework that makes use of the intrinsic…
Randomness is critical for many information processing applications, including numerical modeling and cryptography. Device-independent quantum random number generation (DIQRNG) based on the loophole free violation of Bell inequality…
A new protocol for quantum key distribution based on entanglement swapping is presented. In this protocol, both certain key and random key can be generated without any loss of security. It is this property differs our protocol from the…
Bell tests---the experimental demonstration of a Bell inequality violation---are central to understanding the foundations of quantum mechanics, underpin quantum technologies, and are a powerful diagnostic tool for technological developments…
Random number generators (RNG) are an important resource in many areas: cryptography (both quantum and classical), probabilistic computation (Monte Carlo methods), numerical simulations, industrial testing and labeling, hazard games,…
For more than 80 years, the counterintuitive predictions of quantum theory have stimulated debate about the nature of reality. In his seminal work, John Bell proved that no theory of nature that obeys locality and realism can reproduce all…
Our ability to trust that a random number is truly random is essential for fields as diverse as cryptography and fundamental tests of quantum mechanics. Existing solutions both come with drawbacks -- device-independent quantum random number…
One of the great challenges of quantum foundations and quantum information theory is the characterisation of the relationship between entanglement and the violation of Bell inequalities. It is well known that in specific scenarios these two…
Quantum random number generators (QRNGs) promise perfectly unpredictable random numbers. However, the security certification of the random numbers in form of a stochastic model often introduces assumptions that are either hardly justified…
The rates at which a user can generate device-independent quantum random numbers from a Bell-type experiment depend on the measurements that he performs. By numerically optimising over these measurements, we present lower bounds on the…
Random numbers are central to cryptography and various other tasks. The intrinsic probabilistic nature of quantum mechanics has allowed us to construct a large number of quantum random number generators (QRNGs) that are distinct from the…
Even if the output of a Random Number Generator (RNG) is perfectly uniformly distributed, it may be correlated to pre-existing information and therefore be predictable. Statistical tests are thus not sufficient to guarantee that an RNG is…
Randomness certification is a foundational and practical aspect of quantum information science, essential for securing quantum communication protocols. Traditionally, these protocols have been implemented and validated with a single…
We develop a framework for certifying randomness from Bell-test trials based on directly estimating the probability of the measurement outcomes with adaptive test supermartingales. The number of trials need not be predetermined, and one can…