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An explicit algorithm is presented for testing whether two non-directed graphs are isomorphic or not. It is shown that for a graph of n vertices, the number of n independent operations needed for the test is polynomial in n. A proof that…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Moshe Schwartz

We study the complexity of the Graph Isomorphism problem on graph classes that are characterized by a finite number of forbidden induced subgraphs, focusing mostly on the case of two forbidden subgraphs. We show hardness results and develop…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-03-20 Stefan Kratsch , Pascal Schweitzer

We show that the problem to decide whether two (convex) polytopes, given by their vertex-facet incidences, are combinatorially isomorphic is graph isomorphism complete, even for simple or simplicial polytopes. On the other hand, we give a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Volker Kaibel , Alexander Schwartz

In this paper, we present two main results. First, by only one conjecture (Conjecture 2.9) for recognizing a vertex symmetric graph, which is the hardest task for our problem, we construct an algorithm for finding an isomorphism between two…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-06-29 Caishi Fang

We consider the problem of exact and inexact matching of weighted undirected graphs, in which a bijective correspondence is sought to minimize a quadratic weight disagreement. This computationally challenging problem is often relaxed as a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2014-10-14 Yonathan Aflalo , Alex Bronstein , Ron Kimmel

Determining whether two graphs are structurally identical is a fundamental problem with applications spanning mathematics, computer science, chemistry, and network science. Despite decades of study, graph isomorphism remains a challenging…

Computational Physics · Physics 2026-04-10 Sara Najem , Amer E. Mouawad

Given a finite directed acyclic graph, the space of non-negative unit flows is a lattice polytope called the flow polytope of the graph. We consider the volumes of flow polytopes for directed acyclic graphs on $n+1$ vertices with a fixed…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-05-30 Benjamin Braun , James Ford McElroy

To determine that two given undirected graphs are isomorphic, we construct for them auxiliary graphs, using the breadth-first search. This makes capability to position vertices in each digraph with respect to each other. If the given graphs…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-02-13 Anatoly D. Plotnikov

We consider two polytopes. The quadratic assignment polytope $QAP(n)$ is the convex hull of the set of tensors $x\otimes x$, $x \in P_n$, where $P_n$ is the set of $n\times n$ permutation matrices. The second polytope is defined as follows.…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2017-06-20 Aleksandr Maksimenko

We show that the groupoids of two directed graphs are isomorphic if and only if the two graphs are orbit equivalent by an orbit equivalence that preserves isolated eventually periodic points. We also give a complete description of the…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2018-10-08 Toke Meier Carlsen , Marius Lie Winger

This paper is devoted to some rotationally symmetric classes of graphs denoted in literature as convex polytope graphs. Exact value of equidistant dimension is found for $T_n$. Next, for even $n$ exact values are found for $R''_n$ and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-07-23 Aleksandar Savić , Zoran Maksimović , Milena Bogdanović , Jozef Kratica

The graph isomorphism (GI) problem, which asks whether two graphs are structurally identical, occupies a unique position in computational complexity -- it is neither known to be solvable in polynomial time, nor proven to be NP-complete. We…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-21 Wenjie Xiao , Mathieu Besançon , Patrick Gelß , Deborah Hendrych , Stefan Klus , Sebastian Pokutta

The graph isomorphism problem is considered. We assign modified $n$-variable characteristic polynomials for graphs and reduce the graph isomorphism problem to the problem of the polynomials isomorphism. It is required to find out, is there…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Alexander Prolubnikov

The convex hull $\psi_{n,n}$ of certain $(n!)^2$ tensors was considered recently in connection with graph isomorphism. We consider the convex hull $\psi_n$ of the $n!$ diagonals among these tensors. We show: 1. The polytope $\psi_n$ is a…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2009-08-22 Shmuel Onn

In the past decades for more and more graph classes the Graph Isomorphism Problem was shown to be solvable in polynomial time. An interesting family of graph classes arises from intersection graphs of geometric objects. In this work we show…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-06-23 Daniel Neuen

It is known that a graph isomorphism testing algorithm is polynomially equivalent to a detecting of a graph non-trivial automorphism algorithm. The polynomiality of the latter algorithm, is obtained by consideration of symmetry properties…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Aleksandr Golubchik

The complexity of the graph isomorphism problem for trapezoid graphs has been open over a decade. This paper shows that the problem is GI-complete. More precisely, we show that the graph isomorphism problem is GI-complete for comparability…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2016-01-20 Asahi Takaoka

The graph isomorphism problem looks deceptively simple, but although polynomial-time algorithms exist for certain types of graphs such as planar graphs and graphs with bounded degree or eigenvalue multiplicity, its complexity class is still…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Stefan Klus , Patrick Gelß

Graph isomorphism is an important problem as its worst-case time complexity is not yet fully understood. In this study, we try to draw parallels between a related optimization problem called point set registration. A graph can be…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-11-19 Yigit Oktar

Polytopes are the basic finite data structures for convex sets: they appear as feasible regions in linear optimization, as geometric summaries in algorithms, and as random objects in stochastic geometry. A natural geometric question is…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2026-03-10 Steven Hoehner
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