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Maxwell equations provide a complete description of the electromagnetic (EM) phenomena, which have been one of the key fundamental-theories of modern physics, such as electromagnetism, optics, quantum theories, etc. The vacuum permittivity…

Classical Physics · Physics 2023-12-25 Zhiwei Sun

A fundamental result of classical electromagnetism is that Maxwell's equations imply that electric charge is locally conserved. Here we show the converse: Local charge conservation implies the local existence of fields satisfying Maxwell's…

Classical Physics · Physics 2019-07-08 Lucas Burns

Electromagnetic duality is a symmetry of the source-free Einstein-Maxwell equations that rotates electric and magnetic fields while leaving the stress-energy tensor invariant. We present the first fully nonlinear realization of this…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-05-21 José Ferreira , Gabriele Bozzola , Carlos A. R. Herdeiro , Vasileios Paschalidis , Miguel Zilhão

Non-minimally coupled Y(R)-Maxwell gravity which have some interesting solutions may be used to understand dark matter, dark energy, the origin of cosmic magnetic field and the evaluation of the universe. We give some new solutions to the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-04-09 Özcan Sert

Starting from the observation that in Yang-Mills theory the Schroedinger state functional in the momentum representation is not gauge invariant, we investigate the reversed question: Which are the representations for the operators of a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 M. Leclerc

The possibility of an incompletness of the equations of electromagnetism is analyzed using a thought experiment that shows a non-physical behavior according to classical electromagnetism. Basically, from Maxwell equations it is shown that a…

General Physics · Physics 2010-05-03 Fernando O. Minotti

Maxwell's equations and the equations governing charged particle dynamics are presented for a rotating coordinate system with the global time coordinate of an observer on the rotational axis. Special care is taken in defining the relevant…

Astrophysics · Physics 2012-08-27 Paul N. Arendt,

"Physical theories of fundamental significance tend to be gauge theories. These are theories in which the physical system being dealt with is described by more variables than there are physically independent degree of freedom. The…

Classical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Germain Rousseaux

The axiomatic structure of the electromagnetic theory is outlined. We will base classical electrodynamics on (1) electric charge conservation, (2) the Lorentz force, (3) magnetic flux conservation, and (4) on the Maxwell-Lorentz spacetime…

Classical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Friedrich W. Hehl , Yuri N. Obukhov

We demonstrate how to derive Maxwell's equations, including Faraday's law and Maxwell's correction to Amp\`ere's law, by generalizing the description of static electromagnetism to dynamical situations. Thereby, Faraday's law is introduced…

Classical Physics · Physics 2021-05-21 Jürgen König

This paper examines the theory of electron magnetic dipole moment interactions with magnetic fields or other electrons in classical and quantum electrodynamics. We show that these interactions may be described by a version of the Poynting…

Classical Physics · Physics 2026-04-22 Peter J Mohr

For an arbitrary electromagnetic field, we define a prepotential $S$, which is a complex-valued function of spacetime. The prepotential is a modification of the two scalar potential functions introduced by E. T. Whittaker. The prepotential…

General Physics · Physics 2013-05-23 Yaakov Friedman

Electromagnetic duality of Maxwell theory is a symmetry of equations but not of the action. The usual application of the `complexity=action' conjecture would thus loose this duality. It was recently proposed in arxiv:1901.00014 that the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-10-02 Hai-Shan Liu , H. Lu

Any treatment of magnetic interactions between atoms, molecules and optical media must start at the form of the interaction energy. This forms the base on which predictions about any number of magnetic atom-light properties stands --…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-18 Niclas Westerberg , Anette Messinger , Stephen M. Barnett

Recent work by Philbin [1] has provided a Lagrangian theory that establishes a general method for the canonical quantization of the electromagnetic field in any dispersive, lossy, linear dielectric. Working from this theory, we extend the…

Optics · Physics 2012-09-20 S. A. R. Horsley

The electric and magnetic fields of a spatio-temporally varying electric current loop are calculated using the Jefimenko equations. The radiation and the nonradiation parts of the electromagnetic fields are derived in the framework of…

Classical Physics · Physics 2013-04-15 Markus Lazar

In the context of the infrared triangle there have been recent discussions on the existence and the role of dual charges. We present a new viewpoint on dual magnetic charges in $p$-form theories, and argue that they can be inherited from…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-03-12 Marc Geiller , Puttarak Jai-akson , Abdulmajid Osumanu , Daniele Pranzetti

In the Relativistic Quantum Geometry (RQG) formalism recently introduced, was explored the possibility that the variation of the tensor metric can be done in a Weylian integrable manifold using a geometric displacement, from a Riemannian to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-05-06 Marcos R. A. Arcodía , Mauricio Bellini

In general, Maxwell's equations require that a wave of magnetic field be accompanied by a wave of electric field, and vice versa. In magnetic media it is possible to have waves of magnetization with negligible electric field. We discuss an…

Classical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Kirk T. McDonald

After a systematic introduction of some formulae for the energy radiated by localized electric charges and currents, one considers the multipole radiation and the reduction of the multipole tensors to the symmetric traceless ones.

Physics Education · Physics 2007-05-23 C. Vrejoiu , D. Nicmorus