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In this paper, we study two kind of L^2 norm preserved non-local heat flows on closed manifolds. We first study the global existence, stability and asymptotic behavior to such non-local heat flows. Next we give the gradient estimates of…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2009-08-18 Li Ma , Liang Cheng

We establish a representation of the heat flow with Wentzell boundary conditions on smooth domains as gradient descent dynamics for the entropy in a suitably extended Otto manifold of probability measures with additional boundary parts. Yet…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-06-30 Marie Bormann , Léonard Monsaingeon , D. R. Michiel Renger , Max von Renesse

For large classes of non-convex subsets $Y$ in ${\mathbb R}^n$ or in Riemannian manifolds $(M,g)$ or in RCD-spaces $(X,d,m)$ we prove that the gradient flow for the Boltzmann entropy on the restricted metric measure space $(Y,d_Y,m_Y)$…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2017-12-21 Janna Lierl , Karl-Theodor Sturm

For addressing optimisation tasks on finite dimensional quantum systems, we give a comprehensive account of the foundations of gradient flows on Riemannian manifolds including new developments: we extend former results from Lie groups such…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-12-07 T. Schulte-Herbrueggen , S. J. Glaser , G. Dirr , U. Helmke

In a previous work, the authors introduced a Lin-Lu-Yau type Ricci curvature for directed graphs referring to the formulation of the Chung Laplacian. The aim of this note is to provide a von Renesse-Sturm type characterization of our lower…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2022-03-04 Ryunosuke Ozawa , Yohei Sakurai , Taiki Yamada

We discuss first-order and second-order regularization effects for solutions to the classical heat equation. In particular we propose a global approach to study smoothing effects of Hamilton-Li-Yau type: such approach is nonlinear in spirit…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2024-09-25 Alessandro Goffi , Giulio Tralli

In this paper, we study the gradient estimates of Li-Yau-Hamilton type for positive solutions to both drifting heat equation and the simple nonlinear heat equation problem $$ u_t-\Delta u=au\log u, \ \ u>0 $$ on the compact Riemannian…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2016-01-20 Li Ma

We present a method to efficiently compute Wasserstein gradient flows. Our approach is based on a generalization of the back-and-forth method (BFM) introduced by Jacobs and L\'eger to solve optimal transport problems. We evolve the gradient…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-11-17 Matt Jacobs , Wonjun Lee , Flavien Léger

We provide a quick overview of various calculus tools and of the main results concerning the heat flow on compact metric measure spaces, with applications to spaces with lower Ricci curvature bounds. Topics include the Hopf-Lax semigroup…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2012-05-16 Luigi Ambrosio , Nicola Gigli , Giuseppe Savaré

We study the emergence of gradient flows in Wasserstein distance as high friction limits of an abstract Euler flow generated by an energy functional. We develop a relative energy calculation that connects the Euler flow to the gradient flow…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2021-03-22 Corrado Lattanzio , Athanasios E. Tzavaras

We consider on Riemannian manifolds solutions of the Leibenson equation \begin{equation*} \partial _{t}u=\Delta _{p}u^{q}. \end{equation*} This equation is also known as doubly nonlinear evolution equation. We prove gradient estimates for…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-06-10 Philipp Sürig

We study the Wasserstein gradient flow of semi-discrete energies in the space of probability measures, that is functionals depending on two measures-one being an absolutely continuous density and the other an atomic measure. These energies…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2026-03-05 Joao Miguel Machado

Variational inference is a technique that approximates a target distribution by optimizing within the parameter space of variational families. On the other hand, Wasserstein gradient flows describe optimization within the space of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-11-01 Mingxuan Yi , Song Liu

In this article, exponential contraction in Wasserstein distance for heat semigroups of diffusion processes on Riemannian manifolds is established under curvature conditions where Ricci curvature is not necessarily required to be…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2020-01-20 Li-Juan Cheng , Anton Thalmaier , Shao-Qin Zhang

Inspired Yau's work (Comm. Anal. Geom., 1994), in this short note we provide a new version of Li-Yau gradient estimate for the linear heat equation, which generalizes some known results and gives new gradient estimates. Also we explain the…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2021-05-11 Bin Qian

We prove several functional and geometric inequalities only assuming the linearity and a quantitative $\mathrm{L}^\infty$-to-Lipschitz smoothing of the heat semigroup in metric-measure spaces. Our results comprise a Buser inequality, a…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2025-03-10 Nicolò De Ponti , Giorgio Stefani

In the first part, we derive a sharp gradient estimate for the log of Dirichlet heat kernel and Poisson heat kernel on domains, and a sharpened local Li-Yau gradient estimate that matches the global one. In the second part, without explicit…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Qi S. Zhang

For free energies of the form \[ F(\mu) = E(\mu) + \sigma\int_\Omega \mu\log\mu\,dx, \quad \sigma > 0, \] we study the Wasserstein gradient flow, a continuity equation also known as mean-field Langevin dynamics, around a stationary state…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-03-17 Dante Kalise , Lucas M. Moschen , Grigorios A. Pavliotis

The main results of the article are short time estimates and asymptotic estimates for the first two order derivatives of the logarithmic heat kernel of a complete Riemannian manifold. We remove all curvature restrictions and also develop…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-03-07 Xin Chen , Xue Mei Li , Bo Wu

The Poisson-Nernst-Planck system of equations used to model ionic transport is interpreted as a gradient flow for the Wasserstein distance and a free energy in the space of probability measures with finite second moment. A variational…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2015-09-08 David Kinderlehrer , Léonard Monsaingeon , Xiang Xu