Related papers: Gold ratio and a trigonometric identity
Sidorov and Vershik showed that in base $G=\frac{\sqrt{5}+1}{2}$ and with the digits $0,1$ the numbers $x=nG ~(\text {mod} 1)$ have $\aleph_{0}$ expansions for any $n\in\mathbb{Z}$, while the other elements of $(0, \frac{1}{G-1})$ have…
We show that the following double integral \[\int_{0}^\pi {\rm d}x \int_0^x {\rm d}y \frac{1}{\sqrt{1-\smash[b]{p}\cos x}\sqrt{1+\smash[b]{q\cos y}}}\]remains invariant as one trades the parameters $p$ and $q$ for $p'=\sqrt{1-p^2}$ and…
Let $\vartheta := \frac{-1+\sqrt{5}}{2}$ be the golden ratio. A golden lattice is an even unimodular $\Z[\vartheta ]$-lattice of which the Hilbert theta series is an extremal Hilbert modular form. We construct golden lattices from extremal…
Combining McShane's identity on a hyperbolic punctured torus with Schmutz's work on the Markov Uniqueness Conjecture (MUC), we find that MUC is equivalent to the identity \begin{equation} \sum_{n=1}^\infty \, \left( 3- L_n \right) \, = \, 4…
Given a set of points in the plane, we show that the $\theta$-graph with 5 cones is a geometric spanner with spanning ratio at most $\sqrt{50 + 22 \sqrt{5}} \approx 9.960$. This is the first constant upper bound on the spanning ratio of…
In this article, we present four issues and provide a creative and concise proof for each of them. The four issues are: 1- Inequality $\frac{1}{\sqrt{n\pi+\frac{\pi}{2}}}<\frac{\binom{2n}{n}}{2^{2n}}<\frac{1}{\sqrt{n\pi}}$ 2- A special case…
We provide a family of expressions of $\pi$ in terms of the golden ratio $\phi$ in the same spirit of the formula obtained by Bailey, Borwein and Plouffe for $\pi$. Connection with cyclotomic polynomials is outlined.
Two topics of the number theory are discussed in this paper. First, we prove that given each natural number $x\geq10^{3}$, we have \[ |{\rm Li}(x)-\pi(x)|\leq c\sqrt{x}\log x\texttt{ and } \pi(x)={\rm Li}(x)+O(\sqrt{x}\log x) \] where $c$…
We find an interesting relationship between the golden ratio, the Moebius function, the Euler totient function and the natural logarithm - central players in the theory of numbers. A number of identities involving the golden ratio and its…
In previous papers we introduced a class of polynomials which follow the same recursive formula as the Lucas-Lehmer numbers, studying the distribution of their zeros and remarking that this distribution follows a sequence related to the…
Based on artistic interpretations, art professor Christopher Bartlett (Towson University, USA) suggested introducing a new mathematical constant related to the golden ratio. He called it the chi ratio, as chi follows phi in the Greek…
In this paper, authors construct a new type of sequence which is named an extra-super increasing sequence, and give the definitions of the minimal super increasing sequence {a[0], a[1], ..., a[n]} and minimal extra-super increasing sequence…
We compare the light extinction spectra of elongated gold nanoparticles with different shapes (cylinder, spherocylinder and ellipsoid) and sizes of 10 to 100~nm. We argue that the equivalence of the various moments of mass distribution is…
It is demonstrated that iterative repeating of some simple geometric construction leads unavoidably in the limit to the golden ratio. The procedure appears to be quickly convergent regardless of a ratio of initial elements sizes. This could…
As is well-known, the ratio of adjacent Fibonacci numbers tends to phi = (1 + sqrt(5))/2, and the ratio of adjacent Tribonacci numbers (where each term is the sum of the three preceding numbers) tends to the real root eta of X^3 - X^2 - X -…
When p is congruent to 1 mod 8, we have a criterion of the quadratic character of 1+\sqrt{2}, which is related to the class number of \Q(\sqrt{-p}). In this paper, we obtain a similar criterion using an elliptic curve, which contrasts to…
The golden ratio and Fibonacci numbers are found to occur in various aspects of nature. We discuss the occurrence of this ratio in an interesting physical problem concerning center of masses in two dimensions. The result is shown to be…
The perfect matching index of a cubic graph $G$, denoted by $\pi(G)$, is the smallest number of perfect matchings that cover all the edges of $G$. According to the Berge-Fulkerson conjecture, $\pi(G)\le5$ for every bridgeless cubic…
Suppose $\pi$, $\pi'$ are cusp forms on GL$(2)$, not of solvable polyhedral type, such that they have the same symmetric cubes. Then we show that either $\pi$, $\pi'$ are twist equivalent, or else a certain degree $36$ $L$-function…
We prove a two-parameter family of continued fraction identities for $\arctan(p/q)$, where $p$ and $q$ are positive integers with $p\le q$. For every such pair, the identity \[ \arctan\frac{p}{q} =…