English

On $|{\rm Li}(x)-\pi(x)|$ and primes in short intervals

General Mathematics 2025-04-02 v9

Abstract

Two topics of the number theory are discussed in this paper. First, we prove that given each natural number x103x\geq10^{3}, we have Li(x)π(x)cxlogx and π(x)=Li(x)+O(xlogx) |{\rm Li}(x)-\pi(x)|\leq c\sqrt{x}\log x\texttt{ and } \pi(x)={\rm Li}(x)+O(\sqrt{x}\log x) where cc is a constant greater than 11 and less than ee. Second, with a much more accurate estimation of prime numbers, the error range of which is less than x1/20.0327283x^{1/2-0.0327283} for x1041x\geq10^{41}, we prove a theorem of the number of primes in short intervals: Given a positive real number β\beta that determines a real number xβx_{\beta} by e(logxβ)3/xβ0.0327283=βe(\log x_{\beta})^{3}/x_{\beta}^{0.0327283}=\beta, let Φ(x):=βx1/2\Phi(x):=\beta x^{1/2} for xxβx\geq x_{\beta} where Φ(x):=x1/2\Phi(x):=x^{1/2} when let β=1\beta=1. Then there are π(x+Φ(x))π(x)Φ(x)/logx=1+O(1logx) \frac{\pi(x+\Phi(x))-\pi(x)}{\Phi(x)/\log x}=1+O(\frac{1}{\log x}) and limxπ(x+Φ(x))π(x)Φ(x)/logx=1. \lim_{x \to \infty}\frac{\pi(x+\Phi(x))-\pi(x)}{\Phi(x)/\log x}=1.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.1110.2952,
  title  = {On $|{\rm Li}(x)-\pi(x)|$ and primes in short intervals},
  author = {Shan-Guang Tan},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:1110.2952},
  year   = {2025}
}

Comments

33 pages