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In this paper we show how a deep-submicron FPGA can be modified to operate at extremely low temperatures through modifications in the supporting hardware and in the firmware programming it. Though FPGAs are not designed to operate at a few…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2017-09-14 Harald Homulle , Stefan Visser , Bishnu Patra , Edoardo Charbon

We present a realisation of high bandwidth instrumentation at cryogenic temperatures and for dilution refrigerator operation that possesses advantages over methods using radio-frequency single electron transistor or transimpedance…

The frequencies of a cryogenic sapphire oscillator and a hydrogen maser are compared to set new constraints on a possible violation of Lorentz invariance. We give a detailed description of microwave resonators operating in Whispering…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-10 Peter Wolf , Michael E. Tobar , Sebastien Bize , Andre Clairon , Andre N. Luiten , Giorgio Santarelli

We present a new method for accurate mid-infrared frequency measurements and stabilization to a near-infrared ultra-stable frequency reference, transmitted with a long-distance fibre link and continuously monitored against state-of-the-art…

A shift of paradigm to obtain (sub-)Kelvin environment is currently on-going with the democratization of cryogen-free cryocoolers, boosted by their easy-to-use and continuous operation without the need of liquid helium whose cost and…

Other Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-10-06 Mathieu Taupin , Kamel Dougdag , Djamel Ziane , Francois Couedo

This paper presents an ultra-low noise L-band radio astronomical cryogenic receiver for FAST telescope. The development of key low noise microwave parts of Coupling-LNA and conical quad-ridge OMT and reasonable system integration achieve…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2021-09-08 Hong-Fei Liu , Chuan He , Jin Wang , Peng Jiang , Sheng-Wang Wang , Yang Wu , Hang Zhang , Jin-You Song , Xiang-Wei Shi , Ming-Lei Guo

We report pulsed electron-spin resonance (ESR) measurements on an ensemble of Bismuth donors in Silicon cooled at 10mK in a dilution refrigerator. Using a Josephson parametric microwave amplifier combined with high-quality factor…

The frequencies of a cryogenic sapphire oscillator and a hydrogen maser are compared to set new constraints on a possible violation of Lorentz invariance. We determine the variation of the oscillator frequency as a function of its…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-07 Peter Wolf , Sébastien Bize , André Clairon , André N. Luiten , Giorgio Santarelli , Michael E. Tobar

An ultrastable low-noise current amplifier (ULCA) is presented. The ULCA is a non-cryogenic instrument based on specially designed operational amplifiers and resistor networks. It involves two stages, the first providing a 1000-fold current…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2014-08-22 Dietmar Drung , Christian Krause , Ulrich Becker , Hansjörg Scherer , Franz Josef Ahlers

The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) is poised to revolutionize astrophysics and cosmology in the late 2030's by unlocking unprecedented insights into the most energetic and elusive astrophysical phenomena. The mission envisages…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2025-02-18 Gerhard Heinzel , Javier Álvarez-Vizoso , Miguel Dovale-Álvarez , Karsten Wiesner

We actively stabilize the harmonic oscillation frequency of a laser-cooled atomic ion confined in a rf Paul trap by sampling and rectifying the high voltage rf applied to the trap electrodes. We are able to stabilize the 1 MHz atomic…

Dielectric resonators are key components for many microwave and millimetre wave applications, including high-Q filters and frequency-determining elements for precision frequency synthesis. These often depend on the quality of the dielectric…

LISA Pathfinder is the technological demonstrator space mission for the future gravitational waves observatory in space eLISA, with the aim of measure the differential acceleration between free-falling test masses orbiting in the same…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2016-09-02 Giuliana Russano

We have stabilized an external cavity diode laser to a whispering gallery mode resonator formed by a protrusion of a single-crystal magnesiumdifluoride cylinder. The cylinder's compact dimensions (<1 cm^3) reduce the sensitivity to…

Optics · Physics 2011-02-22 J. Alnis , A. Schliesser , C. Y. Wang , J. Hofer , T. J. Kippenberg , T. W. Hänsch

The regulation of temperature at the macro and microscale is a major energy-consuming process of humankind. Modern cooling systems account for 15% of the global energy consumption and are responsible for 10% of greenhouse gas emissions. Due…

A thermal atomic ensemble-based laser source with superior frequency stability is proposed that relies on the accumulated contributions from an abundance of nonzero-transverse-velocity atomic ensembles. Compared with the traditional case in…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2020-12-08 Haosen Shang , Duo Pan , Xiaogang Zhang , Xiaobo Xue , Tiantian Shi , Jingbiao Chen

This paper presents a theoretical study of oscillatory and rotational instabilities of a solid spherical body, levitated electromagnetically in axisymmetric coils made of coaxial circular loops. We apply our previous theory to analyze the…

Classical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 J. Priede , G. Gerbeth

An optical technique based on stability transfer among modes of a monolithic optical microresonator is proposed for long therm frequency stabilization of a radiofrequency (RF) oscillator. We show that locking two resonator modes,…

We present a procedure for the design and construction of a passive, multipole, mechanical high-stop vibration isolator. The isolator, consisting of a stack of metal disks connected by thin wires, attenuates frequencies in the kilohertz…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2009-10-31 Hilton W. Chan , Joshua C. Long , John C. Price