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Given a graph $G$, the maximal induced subgraphs problem asks to enumerate all maximal induced subgraphs of $G$ that belong to a certain hereditary graph class. While its optimization version, known as the minimum vertex deletion problem in…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-04-22 Yixin Cao

Let H be a graph, and let C_H(G) be the number of (subgraph isomorphic) copies of H contained in a graph G. We investigate the fundamental problem of estimating C_H(G). Previous results cover only a few specific instances of this general…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-02-20 Martin Furer , Shiva Prasad Kasiviswanathan

A map is a connected topological graph $\Gamma$ cellularly embedded in a surface. In this paper, applying Tutte's algebraic representation of map, new ideas for enumerating non-equivalent orientable or non-orientable maps of graph are…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2009-09-29 Linfan Mao , Yanpei Liu

We obtain an effective enumeration of the family of finitely generated groups admitting a faithful, properly discontinuous action on some 2-manifold contained in the sphere. This is achieved by introducing a type of group presentation…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-01-04 Agelos Georgakopoulos , Matthias Hamann

A graph is near-planar if it can be obtained from a planar graph by adding an edge. We show the surprising fact that it is NP-hard to compute the crossing number of near-planar graphs. A graph is 1-planar if it has a drawing where every…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2012-03-28 Sergio Cabello , Bojan Mohar

Counting graph homomorphisms and its generalizations such as the Counting Constraint Satisfaction Problem (CSP), its variations, and counting problems in general have been intensively studied since the pioneering work of Valiant. While the…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Andrei A. Bulatov , Amirhossein Kazeminia

The independence gap of a graph was introduced by Ekim et al. (2018) as a measure of how far a graph is from being well-covered. It is defined as the difference between the maximum and minimum size of a maximal independent set. We…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-12-14 Tınaz Ekim , Didem Gözüpek , Ademir Hujdurović , Martin Milanič

One of the major problems in combinatorics is to determine the number of $r$-uniform hypergraphs ($r$-graphs) on $n$ vertices which are free of certain forbidden structures. This problem dates back to the work of Erd\H{o}s, Kleitman and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-08-02 József Balogh , Felix Christian Clemen , Letícia Mattos

This work is a follow-up of the article [Proc.\ London Math.\ Soc.\ 119(2):358--378, 2019], where the authors solved the problem of counting labelled 4-regular planar graphs. In this paper, we obtain a precise asymptotic estimate for the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-02-08 Marc Noy , Clément Requilé , Juanjo Rué

Many complex questions in biology, physics, and mathematics can be mapped to the graph isomorphism problem and the closely related graph automorphism problem. In particular, these problems appear in the context of network visualization,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2012-11-14 Charo I. Del Genio , Thilo Gross

In the mid-1990s, two groups of authors independently obtained classifications of vertex-transitive graphs whose order is a product of two distinct primes. In the intervening years it has become clear that there is additional information…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-03-19 Ted Dobson , Ademir Hujdurović , Klavdija Kutnar , Joy Morris

The automorphisms of a graph act naturally on its set of labeled imbeddings to produce its unlabeled imbeddings. The imbedding sum of a graph is a polynomial that contains useful information about a graph's labeled and unlabeled imbeddings.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Robert G. Rieper

Inspired by applications of perfect graphs in combinatorial optimization, Chv\'{a}tal defined t-perfect graphs in 1970s. The long efforts of characterizing t-perfect graphs started immediately, but embarrassingly, even a working conjecture…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-05-03 Yixin Cao , Shenghua Wang

We define the cover number of a graph $G$ by a graph class $\mathcal P$ as the minimum number of graphs of class $\mathcal P$ required to cover the edge set of $G$. Taking inspiration from a paper by Harary, Hsu and Miller, we find an exact…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-02-24 Márton Marits

The monography examines the problem of constructing a group of automorphisms of a graph. A graph automorphism is a mapping of a set of vertices onto itself that preserves adjacency. The set of such automorphisms forms a vertex group of a…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2024-07-18 Sergey Kurapov , Maxim Davidovsky

We establish links between countable algebraically closed graphs and the endomorphisms of the countable universal graph $R$. As a consequence we show that, for any countable graph $\Gamma$, there are uncountably many maximal subgroups of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-04-06 Igor Dolinka , Robert D. Gray , Jillian D. McPhee , James D. Mitchell , Martyn Quick

The distinguishing number of a graph was introduced by Albertson and Collins as a measure of the amount of symmetry contained in the graph. Tymoczko extended this definition to faithful group actions on sets; taking the set to be the vertex…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-04-09 Caleb Ji

Binary classification problems can be naturally modeled as bipartite graphs, where we attempt to classify right nodes based on their left adjacencies. We consider the case of labeled bipartite graphs in which some labels and edges are not…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-11-13 R. W. R. Darling , Mark L. Velednitsky

Modern methods of graph theory describe a graph up to isomorphism, which makes it difficult to create mathematical models for visualizing graph drawings on a plane. The topological drawing of the planar part of a graph allows representing…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-08-01 Sergey Kurapov , Maxim Davidovsky

For the first time we represent every finite group in the form of a graph in this book. The authors choose to call these graphs as identity graph, since the main role in obtaining the graph is played by the identity element of the group.…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2009-06-30 W. B. Vasantha Kandasamy , Florentin Smarandache