Related papers: More on the phi = beta Conjecture and Eigenvalues …

A finite word $w$ of length $n$ contains at most $n+1$ distinct palindromic factors. If the bound $n+1$ is attained, the word $w$ is called rich. An infinite word $w$ is called rich if every finite factor of $w$ is rich. Let $w$ be a word…

Let $(n^+, n^0, n^-)$ denote the inertia of a graph $G$ with $n$ vertices. Nordhaus-Gaddum bounds are known for inertia, except for an upper bound for $n^-$. We conjecture that for any graph \[ n^-(G) + n^-(\bar{G}) \le 1.5(n - 1), \] and…

The Brouwer conjecture (BC) in spectral graph theory claims that the sum of the largest k Kirchhoff eigenvalues of a graph are bounded above by the number m of edges plus k(k+1)/2. We show that (BC) holds for all graphs with n vertices if n…

For graphs $G$ and $F$, the saturation number $\textit{sat}(G,F)$ is the minimum number of edges in an inclusion-maximal $F$-free subgraph of $G$. In 2017, Kor\'andi and Sudakov initiated the study of saturation in random graphs. They…

Let $\text{ch}(G)$ denote the choice number of a graph $G$ (also called "list chromatic number" or "choosability" of $G$). Noel, Reed, and Wu proved the conjecture of Ohba that $\text{ch}(G)=\chi(G)$ when $|V(G)|\le 2\chi(G)+1$. We extend…

A binary matrix is a matrix with entries from the set $\{0,1\}$. We say that a binary matrix $A$ contains a binary matrix $S$ if $S$ can be obtained from $A$ by removal of some rows, some columns, and changing some $1$-entries to…

A factor $u$ of a word $w$ is a cover of $w$ if every position in $w$ lies within some occurrence of $u$ in $w$. A word $w$ covered by $u$ thus generalizes the idea of a repetition, that is, a word composed of exact concatenations of $u$.…

This work studies the relation between two graph parameters, $\rho$ and $\Lambda$. For an undirected graph $G$, $\rho(G)$ is the growth rate of its universal covering tree, while $\Lambda(G)$ is a weighted geometric average of the vertex…

Cheeger's fundamental inequality states that any edge-weighted graph has a vertex subset $S$ such that its expansion (a.k.a. conductance) is bounded as follows: \[ \phi(S) \defeq \frac{w(S,\bar{S})}{\min \set{w(S), w(\bar{S})}} \leq…

The elimination distance to some target graph property P is a general graph modification parameter introduced by Bulian and Dawar. We initiate the study of elimination distances to graph properties expressible in first-order logic. We…

Given two graphs $G$ and $H$, we investigate for which functions $p=p(n)$ the random graph $G_{n,p}$ (the binomial random graph on $n$ vertices with edge probability $p$) satisfies with probability $1-o(1)$ that every red-blue-coloring of…

The purpose of this article is to improve existing lower bounds on the chromatic number chi. Let mu_1,...,mu_n be the eigenvalues of the adjacency matrix sorted in non-increasing order. First, we prove the lower bound chi >= 1 + max_m…

We show that for every $n$-vertex graph with at least one edge, its treewidth is greater than or equal to $n \lambda_{2} / (\Delta + \lambda_{2}) - 1$, where $\Delta$ and $\lambda_{2}$ are the maximum degree and the second smallest…

A graph is well-covered if all its maximal independent sets are of the same cardinality (Plummer, 1970). If G is a well-covered graph, has at least two vertices, and G-v is well-covered for every vertex v, then G is a 1-well-covered graph…

For a graph $G=(V,E)$, let $\tau(G)$ denote the minimum number of pairwise edge disjoint complete bipartite subgraphs of $G$ so that each edge of $G$ belongs to exactly one of them. It is easy to see that for every graph $G$, $\tau(G) \leq…

The relationship between the length of a word and the maximum length of its unbordered factors is investigated in this paper. Consider a finite word w of length n. We call a word bordered, if it has a proper prefix which is also a suffix of…

Let $G_n$ be an $n \times n$ matrix with real i.i.d. $N(0,1/n)$ entries, let $A$ be a real $n \times n$ matrix with $\Vert A \Vert \le 1$, and let $\gamma \in (0,1)$. We show that with probability $0.99$, $A + \gamma G_n$ has all of its…

The Fong-Swan theorem shows that for a $p$-solvable group $G$ and Brauer character $\phi \in \ibrg$, there is an ordinary character $\chi \in \irrg$ such that $\chi^0 = \phi$, where $^0$ denotes restriction to the $p$-regular elements of…

A word~$w$ has a border $u$ if $u$ is a non-empty proper prefix and suffix of $u$. A word~$w$ is said to be \emph{closed} if $w$ is of length at most $1$ or if $w$ has a border that occurs exactly twice in $w$. A word~$w$ is said to be…

Reed conjectured that for every graph, $\chi \leq \left \lceil \frac{\Delta + \omega + 1}{2} \right \rceil$ holds, where $\chi$, $\omega$ and $\Delta$ denote the chromatic number, clique number and maximum degree of the graph, respectively.…