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We propose a proof of the security of EPR-based quantum key distribution against enemies with unlimited computational power. The proof holds for a protocol using interactive error-reconciliation scheme. We assume in this paper that the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Hitoshi Inamori

The maximum operational range of continuous variable quantum key distribution protocols has shown to be improved by employing high-efficiency forward error correction codes. Typically, the secret key rate model for such protocols is…

Quantum key distribution has emerged as a promising solution for constructing secure communication networks, offering information-theoretic security guaranteed by the principles of quantum mechanics. One of the most advanced quantum key…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-30 Yizhi Huang , Zhenyu Du , Xiongfeng Ma

We suggest a new protocol for the information reconciliation stage of quantum key distribution based on polar codes. The suggested approach is based on the blind technique, which is proved to be useful for low-density parity-check (LDPC)…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-26 E. O. Kiktenko , A. O. Malyshev , A. K. Fedorov

Quantum communications promise to revolutionise the way information is exchanged and protected. Unlike their classical counterpart, they are based on dim optical pulses that cannot be amplified by conventional optical repeaters.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-10-07 M. Minder , M. Pittaluga , G. L. Roberts , M. Lucamarini , J. F. Dynes , Z. L. Yuan , A. J. Shields

In quantum communication via noisy channels, the error probability scales exponentially with the length of the channel. We present a scheme of a quantum repeater that overcomes this limitation. The central idea is to connect a string of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 H. -J. Briegel , W. Dür , J. I. Cirac , P. Zoller

There is no doubt that quantum key distribution is an excellent result as a science. However, this paper presents a view on quantum key distribution (QKD) wherein QKD may have a difficulty to provide a sufficient security and good…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-09-23 Osamu Hirota

In contrast to classical public-key cryptosystems, where the security of encoded messages relies on on computational assumptions, Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) enables two distant parties to establish a shared secret key that, when…

For high-speed quantum key distribution systems, error reconciliation is often the bottleneck affecting system performance. By exchanging common information through a public channel, the identical key can be generated on both communicating…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-11-17 Ke Cui , Jian Wang , Hong-fei Zhang , Chun-li Luo , Ge Jin , Teng-yun Chen

Here we concerned with quantum key distribution - a way to establish common cryptographic key between several parties. The work proposes a combination between quantum key distribution and systematic polar coding (an error correction…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-25 Georgi Bebrov

Quantum key distribution (QKD) promises information-theoretic security based on quantum mechanics, but practical implementations face security vulnerabilities due to device imperfections. Recent advances have separately addressed source and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-08 Guillermo Currás-Lorenzo , Margarida Pereira , Shlok Nahar , Devashish Tupkary

High efficiency postprocessing of continuous-variable quantum key distribution system has a significant impact on the secret key rate and transmission distance of the system. Currently, the postprocessing mainly contains four steps in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-06-04 Xiangyu Wang , Yi-Chen Zhang , Song Yu , Hong Guo

Quantum key distribution is an effective encryption technique which can be used to perform secure quantum communication between satellite and ground stations. Quantum cryptography enhances security in various networks such as optical fibers…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-07-20 Vishal Sharma , Subhashish Banerjee

Covert and secret quantum key distribution aims at generating information-theoretically secret bits between distant legitimate parties in a manner that remains provably undetectable by an adversary. We propose a framework in which to…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-05-29 Mehrdad Tahmasbi , Matthieu R. Bloch

Quantum key distribution -- the establishment of information-theoretically secure keys based on quantum physics -- is mainly limited by its practical performance, which is characterised by the dependence of the key rate on the channel…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-02-13 Pei Zeng , Hongyi Zhou , Weijie Wu , Xiongfeng Ma

Distributed-phase-reference quantum key distribution stands out for its easy implementation with present day technology. Since many years, a full security proof of these schemes in a realistic setting has been elusive. For the first time,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-07-05 Tobias Moroder , Marcos Curty , Charles Ci Wen Lim , Le Phuc Thinh , Hugo Zbinden , Nicolas Gisin

Quantum key distribution promises information-theoretically secure communication, with data post-processing playing a vital role in extracting secure keys from raw data. While hardware advancements have significantly improved practical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-01 Zhenyu Du , Guoding Liu , Xingjian Zhang , Xiongfeng Ma

State-of-the-art large language models are sometimes distributed as open-source software but are also increasingly provided as a closed-source service. These closed-source large-language models typically see the widest usage by the public,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Adam Yang , Chen Chen , Konstantinos Pitas

Recent experimental breakthroughs have signalled the imminent arrival of the early fault-tolerant era. However, for a considerable period in the foreseeable future, relying solely on quantum error correction for full error suppression will…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-18 Kecheng Liu , Zhenyu Cai

We propose a new Quantum Key Recycling (QKR) protocol, which can tolerate the noise in the quantum channel. Our QKR protocol recycles the used keys according to the error rate. The key recycling rate of the pre-shared keys in our QKR…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-06-15 Yu-Chin Lu , Chia-Wei Tsai , Tzonelih Hwang