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We make a perturbative analysis of the number of degrees of freedom in a large class of metric theories respecting spatial symmetries, of which the Lagrangian includes kinetic terms of both the spatial metric and the lapse function. We show…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-05-13 Xian Gao , Chao Kang , Zhi-Bang Yao

We have computed the number of polarization modes of gravitational waves propagating in the Minkowski background in $f(R)$ gravity. This is three of two from transverse-traceless tensor modes and one from a massive trace mode, which…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-12-23 Yun Soo Myung

We investigate the gravitational wave polarization modes and stability in Weyl geometry gravity within a Minkowski background. Our results indicate that the tensor sector consists of two standard modes propagating at the speed of light.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-03-31 Yu-Zhi Fan , Xiao-Bin Lai , Yu-Qi Dong , Yu-Xiao Liu

We investigate the non-perturbative degrees of freedom of a class of weakly non-local gravitational theories that have been proposed as an ultraviolet completion of general relativity. At the perturbative level, it is known that the degrees…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-07-05 Gianluca Calcagni , Leonardo Modesto , Giuseppe Nardelli

We investigate whether the extra scalar degree of freedom that arises in the second connection class of scalar-tensor non-metricity gravity can accurately replicate and potentially enrich the cosmic expansion history. Focusing on a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-10-13 Ghulam Murtaza , Avik De , Andronikos Paliathanasis , Tee-How Loo

We analyze the propagation of a scalar field in multidimensional theories which include kinetic corrections in the brane, as a prototype for gravitational interactions in a four dimensional brane located in a (nearly) flat extra dimensional…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2008-11-26 M. Carena , A. Delgado , J. Lykken , S. Pokorski , M. Quiros , C. E. M. Wagner

We consider the ghost-free dRGT massive gravity with two of its three possible mass terms. This theory has five gravitational degrees of freedom. On Minkowski spacetime these modes have helicity-2, -1 and -0 and propagate on the Minkowski…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-04-27 Claudia de Rham , Jan Kożuszek , Andrew J. Tolley , Toby Wiseman

In the context of f(R) theories of gravity, we study the cosmological evolution of scalar perturbations by using a completely general procedure. We find that the exact fourth-order differential equation for the matter density perturbations…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-13 A. de la Cruz-Dombriz , A. Dobado , A. L. Maroto

We analyze the Taylor expansion of metric $f(R)$ gravity in the Jordan frame around the General Relativity limit. By relating the scalar--tensor representation to the original $f(R)$ formulation, we derive constraints on the expansion…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-04-28 Giovanni Montani , Andrea Valletta

We study the complete time evolution of scalar fields propagating in space-times of higher dimensional Lifshitz Black Holes with dynamical critical exponent $z=2$, obtained from a theory including the most general quadratic curvature…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-12 Elcio Abdalla , Owen Pavel Fernández Piedra , Fidel Sosa Nuñez , Jeferson de Oliveira

We study the degrees of freedom of $R^2$ gravity in flat spacetime with two approaches. By rewriting the theory a la Stueckelberg, and implementing Lorentz-like gauges to the metric perturbations, we confirm that the pure theory propagates…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-11-27 Anamaria Hell , Dieter Lust , George Zoupanos

We investigate the propagation of gravitational waves in the context of fourth order gravity nonminimally coupled to a massive scalar field. Using the damping of the orbital period of coalescing stellar binary systems, we impose constraints…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-07-10 Gaetano Lambiase , Mairi Sakellariadou , Antonio Stabile , Arturo Stabile

The propagation of several spatial modes has a significant impact on the structure of the emission from parametric down-conversion in a nonlinear waveguide. This manifests itself not only in the spatial correlations of the photon pairs but…

We consider the effect of a scalar field degree of freedom on the dynamics of gravity from small to large scales. We show that the effects of modified gravity can be completely captured by the time variations of the scalar field mass and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-03 Philippe Brax , Anne-Christine Davis , Baojiu Li

The study of linear perturbation theory for general functions of the Ricci and Gauss-Bonnet scalars is done over an empty anisotropic universe, i.e. the Kasner-type background, in order to show that an anisotropic background in general has…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2010-10-27 Antonio De Felice , Takahiro Tanaka

In this work, we propose a model of Einstein--Gauss-Bonnet gravity coupled with two scalar fields. The two scalar fields are considered to be ``frozen'' or they become non-dynamical by employing appropriate constraints in terms of Lagrange…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-12-06 E. Elizalde , Shin'ichi Nojiri , S. D. Odintsov , V. K. Oikonomou

We derive the governing equations for multiple scalar fields minimally coupled to gravity in a flat Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW) background spacetime on large scales. We include scalar perturbations up to second order and write the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Karim A. Malik

We discuss mimetic gravity theories with direct couplings between the curvature and higher derivatives of the scalar field, up to the quintic order, which were proposed to solve the instability problem for linear perturbations around the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-12-18 Alexander Ganz , Nicola Bartolo , Sabino Matarrese

In modified gravity theories, the gravitational waves propagation are presented in nonstandard ways. We consider a friction term different from GR and constrain the modified gravitational waves propagation from observations. The modified…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-07-12 Jun Li

The properties of metric perturbations are determined in the context of an expanding Universe governed by a modified theory of gravity with a non-minimal coupling between curvature and matter. We analyse the dynamics of the 6 components of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-01-07 Miguel Barroso Varela , Orfeu Bertolami