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Immunology is the emerging research area which deals with the study of the immune system in any living organism. It is modelled through various computational and mathematical models to deal with the problem facing while to boost the immune…
For over a century, immunology has masterfully discovered and dissected the components of our immune system, yet its collective behavior remains fundamentally unpredictable. In this perspective, we argue that building on the learnings of…
Antibodies, a prominent class of approved biologics, play a crucial role in detecting foreign antigens. The effectiveness of antigen neutralisation and elimination hinges upon the strength, sensitivity, and specificity of the…
The detection of anatomical landmarks is a vital step for medical image analysis and applications for diagnosis, interpretation and guidance. Manual annotation of landmarks is a tedious process that requires domain-specific expertise and…
The aim of this paper is to give an overview of brain organoid computing, its characteristics, challenges, as well as possible advantages for future applications in the field of artificial intelligence. An important part is the extensive…
Convolutional neural networks have been used to achieve a string of successes during recent years, but their lack of interpretability remains a serious issue. Adversarial examples are designed to deliberately fool neural networks into…
Deep neural networks are learning models having achieved state of the art performance in many fields like prediction, computer vision, language processing and so on. However, it has been shown that certain inputs exist which would not trick…
One of the main research areas in Artificial Intelligence is the coding of agents (programs) which are able to learn by themselves in any situation. This means that agents must be useful for purposes other than those they were created for,…
Changes in gene expression occurring during differentiation of human monocytes into dendritic cells were studied at the RNA and protein levels. These studies showed the induction of several gene classes corresponding to various biological…
Identification of different neuronal cell types is critical for understanding their contribution to brain functions. Yet, automated and reliable classification of neurons remains a challenge, primarily because of their biological…
B cell receptors (BCRs) play a crucial role in recognizing and fighting foreign antigens. High-throughput sequencing enables in-depth sampling of the BCRs repertoire after immunization. However, only a minor fraction of BCRs actively…
Deep Learning has empowered us to train neural networks for complex data with high performance. However, with the growing research, several vulnerabilities in neural networks have been exposed. A particular branch of research, Adversarial…
Organ-on-a-chip (OoCs) platforms could revolutionize drug discovery and might ultimately become essential tools for precision therapy. Although many single-organ and interconnected systems have been described, the immune system has been…
The brain is a highly efficient system evolved to achieve high performance with limited resources. We propose that dendrites make information processing and storage in the brain more efficient through the segregation of inputs and their…
Upcoming immunotherapies for cancer treatment rely on the ability of the immune system to detect and eliminate tumors in the body. A highly simplified version of this process can be studied in a Petri dish: starting with a random…
Immune cells recognize and discriminate antigens through immunological synapses - dynamic intercellular junctions exhibiting highly organized receptor-ligand patterns. While much work has focused on molecular kinetics and passive mechanisms…
Most chemical processes, such as distillation, absorption, extraction, and catalytic reactions, are extremely complex processes that are affected by multiple factors. The relationships between their input variables and output variables are…
The immune response is a dynamic process by which the body determines whether an antigen is self or nonself. The state of this dynamic process is defined by the relative balance and population of inflammatory and regulatory actors which…
DNA and RNA quadruplexes are extensively studied for the key roles they are suspected to play in the cellular regulation networks at both genomic and transcriptomic levels. The reliable detection of quadruplexes in cells was and remains a…
In a previous paper the authors argued the case for incorporating ideas from innate immunity into artificial immune systems (AISs) and presented an outline for a conceptual framework for such systems. A number of key general properties…