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Swimming in circles occurs in a variety of situations at low Reynolds number. Here we propose a simple model for a swimmer that undergoes circular motion, generalising the model of a linear swimmer proposed by Najafi and Golestanian (Phys.…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2012-07-16 Rodrigo Ledesma-Aguilar , Hartmut Loewen , Julia M. Yeomans

We analyze a minimal model for a rigid spherical microswimmer and explore the consequences of its extended surface on the interplay between its self-propulsion and flow properties. The model is the first order representation of…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2017-12-06 Tapan Chandra Adhyapak , Sara Jabbari-Farouji

We propose minimal models of one-, two- and three-dimensional micro-swimmers at low Reynolds number with a periodic non-reciprocal motion. These swimmers are either "pushers" or "pullers" of fluid along the swimming axis, or combination of…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2010-04-30 Nobuhiko Watari , Ronald G. Larson

We investigate theoretically the collective dynamics of a suspension of low Reynolds number swimmers that are confined to two dimensions by a thin fluid film. Our model swimmer is characterized by internal degrees of freedom which locally…

Biological Physics · Physics 2015-05-19 M. Leoni , T. B. Liverpool

Swimming micro-organisms such as bacteria or spermatozoa are typically found in dense suspensions, and exhibit collective modes of locomotion qualitatively different from that displayed by isolated cells. In the dilute limit where…

Biological Physics · Physics 2010-05-02 Sebastien Michelin , Eric Lauga

Chiral active particles, or self-propelled circle swimmers, from sperm cells to asymmetric Janus colloids, form a rich set of patterns, which are different from those seen in linear swimmers. Such patterns have mainly been explored for…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2019-07-24 Demian Levis , Benno Liebchen

It is now well established that nearby beating pairs of eukaryotic flagella or cilia typically synchronize in phase. A substantial body of evidence supports the hypothesis that hydrodynamic coupling between the active filaments, combined…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2016-10-12 Raymond E. Goldstein , Eric Lauga , Adriana I. Pesci , Michael R. E. Proctor

Suspensions of unicellular microswimmers such as flagellated bacteria or motile algae exhibit spontaneous density heterogeneities at large enough concentrations. Based on the relative location of the biological actuation appendages i.e.…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2017-11-27 Fabian Jan Schwarzendahl , Marco G. Mazza

Phase synchronization between the vortex shedding behind a two-dimensional circular cylinder and its vibrations is investigated using the phase-reduction analysis. Leveraging this approach enables the development of a one-dimensional,…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2021-03-24 M. A. Khodkar , Joseph T. Klamo , Kunihiko Taira

The presence of active forces in various biological and artificial systems may change how those systems behaves under forcing. We present a minimal model of a suspension of passive or active swimmers driven on the boundaries by…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2019-06-05 Michael Wang , Alexander Y. Grosberg

We introduce a generic model of weakly non-linear self-sustained oscillator as a simplified tool to study synchronisation in a fluid at low Reynolds number. By averaging over the fast degrees of freedom, we examine the effect of…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2015-06-04 M. Leoni , T. B. Liverpool

We use numerical simulations to probe the dynamics of concentrated suspensions of spherical microswimmers interacting hydrodynamically. Previous work in the dilute limit predicted orientational instabilities of aligned suspensions for both…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2013-02-12 Arthur A. Evans , Takuji Ishikawa , Takami Yamaguchi , Eric Lauga

Steady swimming can be characterized as both periodic and stable. These characteristics are the very definition of limit cycles, and so we ask "Can we view swimming as a limit cycle?" In this paper we will find that the answer is "yes". We…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2012-12-11 Henry O. Jacobs

Microswimming cells and robots exhibit diverse behaviours due to both their swimming and their environment. One of the core environmental features impacting inertialess swimming is background flows. While the influence of select flows,…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-10-30 Eamonn A. Gaffney , Kenta Ishimoto , Benjamin J. Walker

The current work studies the dynamics of a microswimmer in pressure-driven flow of a weakly viscoelastic fluid. Employing the second-order fluid model, we show that the self-propelling swimmer experiences a viscoelastic swimming lift in…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2021-09-28 Akash Choudhary , Holger Stark

Using a geometric feedback model of the flagellar axoneme accounting for dynein motor kinetics, we study elastohydrodynamic phase synchronization in a pair of spontaneously beating filaments with waveforms ranging from sperm to cilia and…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2019-11-20 Brato Chakrabarti , David Saintillan

In nature, metachronal coordination is an efficient strategy for fluid pumping and self-propulsion. Yet, mimetic systems for this type of organization are scarce. Recently, metachronal motion was observed in a bead-based magnetocapillary…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2023-11-07 Sebastian Ziegler , Megan Delens , Ylona Collard , Maxime Hubert , Nicolas Vandewalle , Ana-Sunčana Smith

Microswimmers, especially in theoretical treatments, are generally taken to be completely inertia-free, since inertial effects on their motion are typically small and assuming their absence simplifies the problem considerably. Yet in nature…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2016-11-08 Jayant Pande , Kristina Pickl , Oleg Trosman , Ulrich Rüde , Ana-Sunčana Smith

In a recent letter (Friedrich et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 109:138102, 2012), a minimal model swimmer was proposed that propels itself at low Reynolds numbers by a revolving motion of a pair of spheres. The motion of the two spheres can…

Cell Behavior · Quantitative Biology 2015-06-12 Katja Polotzek , Benjamin M. Friedrich

Low Reynolds number direct simulations of large populations of hydrodynamically interacting swimming particles confined between planar walls are performed. The results of simulations are compared with a theory that describes dilute…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2015-05-13 Juan P. Hernandez-Ortiz , Patrick T. Underhill , Michael D. Graham