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Related papers: Present status of the Penrose inequality

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Under certain conditions, we give a new way to prove the uniqueness of static black hole in higher dimensional asymptotically flat spacetimes. In the proof, the Penrose inequality plays a key role in higher dimensions as well as four…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-05-29 Ryosuke Mizuno , Seiju Ohashi , Tetsuya Shiromizu

We establish the charged Penrose inequality for time symmetric initial data sets having an outermost minimal surface boundary and finitely many asymptotically cylindrical ends, with an appropriate rigidity statement. This is accomplished by…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-07-14 Jaroslaw Jaracz

In this short paper, Penrose's famous singularity theorem is applied to the Kerr space-time. In the case of the maximally extended space-time, the assumptions of Penrose's singularity theorem are not satisfied as the space-time is not…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-12-01 Jonathan Brook , Chris Stevens

Spacetime singularities that arise in gravitational collapse are always hidden inside of black holes. This is the essence of the weak cosmic censorship conjecture. The hypothesis, put forward by Penrose 40 years ago, is still one of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Shahar Hod

We introduce a generalized version of the Jang equation, designed for the general case of the Penrose Inequality in the setting of an asymptotically flat space-like hypersurface of a spacetime satisfying the dominat energy condition. The…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2014-01-17 Hubert L. Bray , Marcus A. Khuri

We formulate and prove a toy version of the Penrose inequality. The formulation mimics the original Penrose inequality in which the scenario is the following: A shell of null dust collapses in Minkowski space and a marginally trapped…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-11-09 Ingemar Bengtsson , Emma Jakobsson

We numerically investigate the validity of recent modifications of the Penrose inequality that include angular momentum. Formulations expressed in terms of asymptotic mass and asymptotic angular momentum are contradicted. We analyzed…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-03-24 Wojciech Kulczycki , Edward Malec

A spacetime satisfies the non-timelike boundary version of the Penrose property if the timelike future of any point on $\mathcal{I}^-$ contains the whole of $\mathcal{I}^+$. This property was first discussed for asymptotically flat…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-11-21 Peter Cameron

We give a conjecture on the lower bound of the ADM mass $M$ by using the null energy condition. The conjecture includes a Penrose-like inequality $3M\geq\kappa\mathcal{A}/(4\pi)+\sqrt{\mathcal{A}/4\pi}$ and the Penrose inequality $…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-09-02 Run-Qiu Yang , Li Li , Rong-Gen Cai

In this paper we prove the Penrose inequality for metrics that are small perturbations of the Schwarzschild anti-de Sitter metrics of positive mass. We use the existence of a global foliation by weakly stable constant mean curvature spheres…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2015-05-20 Lucas C. Ambrozio

It is thought that the final product of the gravitational collapse is a Kerr black hole and astronomers have discovered several good astrophysical candidates. While there is some indirect evidence suggesting that the latter have an event…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2012-04-09 Cosimo Bambi

Recent results of Trudinger on Isoperimetric Inequalities for non-convex bodies are applied to the gravitational collapse of a lightlike shell of matter to form a black hole. Using some integral identities for co-dimension two surfaces in…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-09-06 G W Gibbons

In this article, we prove the Riemannian Penrose inequality for asymptotically flat manifolds with non-compact boundary whose asymptotic region is modelled on a half-space. Such spaces were initially considered by Almaraz, Barbosa and de…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2020-01-15 Thomas Koerber

We establish a Penrose-Like Inequality for general (not necessarily time symmetric) initial data sets of the Einstein equations which satisfy the dominant energy condition. More precisely, it is shown that the ADM energy is bounded below by…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2013-10-14 Marcus A. Khuri

In an effort to understand the Penrose inequality for black holes with angular momentum, an axisymmetric, vacuum, asymptotically Euclidean initial data set subject to certain quasi-stationary conditions is considered for a case study. A new…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-03-17 Xuefeng Feng , Ruodi Yan , Sijie Gao , Yun-Kau Lau , Shing-Tung Yau

We present a rigorous proof of the Spacetime Penrose Inequality relating the ADM mass to the area of trapped surfaces in asymptotically flat initial data sets satisfying the dominant energy condition. The main theorem establishes that the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-01-01 Da Xu

A particular, yet relevant, particular case of the Penrose inequality involves null shells propagating in the Minkowski spacetime. Despite previous claims in the literature, the validity of this inequality remains open. In this paper we…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-04 Marc Mars , Alberto Soria

In a recent work we have proved a weaker version of the Penrose inequality with angular momentum, in axially symmetric space-times, for a compact and connected minimal surface. In this previous work we use the monotonicity of Geroch energy…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-02-24 Pablo Anglada

We provide a new proof of the Riemannian Penrose inequality for time-symmetric asymptotically flat initial data with a single black-hole horizon. The proof proceeds through a newly established monotonicity formula holding along the level…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2025-05-26 Virginia Agostiniani , Carlo Mantegazza , Lorenzo Mazzieri , Francesca Oronzio

Penrose limits are considered in space-times admitting two abelian, space-like Killing vectors in vacuum as well as in the presence of an electromagnetic field. This type of space-times describe inhomogeneous cosmologies as well as…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-12-22 Kerstin E. Kunze