English
Related papers

Related papers: A-Collapsibility of Distribution Dependence and Qu…

200 papers

This paper develops a theory of distribution- and time-uniform asymptotics, culminating in the first large-sample anytime-valid inference procedures that are shown to be uniformly valid in a rich class of distributions. Historically,…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-01-16 Ian Waudby-Smith , Edward H. Kennedy , Aaditya Ramdas

An important task in data analysis is the discovery of causal relationships between observed variables. For continuous-valued data, linear acyclic causal models are commonly used to model the data-generating process, and the inference of…

We provide finite-sample distribution approximations, that are uniform in the parameter, for inference in linear mixed models. Focus is on variances and covariances of random effects in cases where existing theory fails because their…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-07-29 Karl Oskar Ekvall , Matteo Bottai

With $X^*$ denoting a random variable with the $X$-size bias distribution, what are all distributions for $X$ such that it is possible to have $X^*=X+Y$, $Y\geq 0$, with $X$ and $Y$ {\em independent}? We give the answer, due to Steutel…

Probability · Mathematics 2010-07-23 Richard Arratia , Larry Goldstein

As a crucial problem in statistics is to decide whether additional variables are needed in a regression model. We propose a new multivariate test to investigate the conditional mean independence of Y given X conditioning on some known…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-05-18 Ze Jin , Xiaohan Yan , David S. Matteson

Composite likelihood provides approximate inference when the full likelihood is intractable and sub-likelihood functions of marginal events can be evaluated relatively easily. It has been successfully applied for many complex models.…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-09-05 Wentao Li , Rosabeth White , Dennis Prangle

The theory of probability, based on very general rules referred to as the Cox-Polya-Jaynes Desiderata, can be used both as a theory of random mass phenomena and as a quantitative theory of plausible inference about the parameters of…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2008-05-19 Tomaz Podobnik , Tomi Zivko

Results in epidemiology and social science often require the removal of confounding effects from measurements of the pairwise correlation of variables in survey data. This is typically accomplished by some variant of linear regression…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-12-02 William H. Press

This paper is concerned with test of the conditional independence. We first establish an equivalence between the conditional independence and the mutual independence. Based on the equivalence, we propose an index to measure the conditional…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-05-18 Zhanrui Cai , Runze Li , Yaowu Zhang

Conditional auto-regressive (CAR) distributions are widely used to induce spatial dependence in the geographic analysis of areal data. These distributions establish multivariate dependence networks by defining conditional relationships…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-07-14 Miguel A. Martinez-Beneito , Aritz Adín , Tomás Goicoa , Lola Ugarte

Learning the joint dependence of discrete variables is a fundamental problem in machine learning, with many applications including prediction, clustering and dimensionality reduction. More recently, the framework of copula modeling has…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2013-11-15 Alfredo Kalaitzis , Ricardo Silva

Given a random sample from a multivariate normal distribution whose covariance matrix is a Toeplitz matrix, we study the largest off-diagonal entry of the sample correlation matrix. Assuming the multivariate normal distribution has the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-04-27 Tiefeng Jiang , Tuan Pham

Confounding seriously impairs our ability to learn about causal relations from observational data. Confounding can be defined as a statistical association between two variables due to inputs from a common source (the confounder). For…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-05-17 Anders Ledberg

In data analysis problems where we are not able to rely on distributional assumptions, what types of inference guarantees can still be obtained? Many popular methods, such as holdout methods, cross-validation methods, and conformal…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-05-31 Yonghoon Lee , Rina Foygel Barber

It is well known that when a pair of random variables is statistically independent, it has no-correlation (zero covariance, $E[XY] - E[X]E[Y] = 0$), and that the converse is not true. However, if both of these random variables take only two…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-10-23 Toru Ohira

Robust Bayesian linear regression is a classical but essential statistical tool. Although novel robustness properties of posterior distributions have been proved recently under a certain class of error distributions, their sufficient…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-09-23 Yasuyuki Hamura , Kaoru Irie , Shonosuke Sugasawa

The asymptotic solution to the problem of comparing the means of two heteroscedastic populations, based on two random samples from the populations, hinges on the pivot underpinning the construction of the confidence interval and the test…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2017-10-26 Rajeshwari Majumdar , Suman Majumdar

Weak convergence of joint distributions generally does not imply convergence of conditional distributions. In particular, conditional distributions need not converge when joint Gaussian distributions converge to a singular Gaussian limit.…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-10-15 Sarah Lumpp , Mathias Drton

Given a periodic point $\omega$ in a $\psi$-mixing shift with countable alphabet, the sequence $\{S_{n}\}$ of random variables counting the number of multiple returns to shrinking cylindrical neighborhoods of $\omega$ is considered.…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-03-31 Ariel Rapaport

Inference of the conditional dependence structure is challenging when many covariates are present. In numerous applications, only a low-dimensional projection of the covariates influences the conditional distribution. The smallest subspace…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-05-05 Thomas Nagler , Gerda Claeskens , Irène Gijbels